The term "myopia" refers to a pathological condition in which a person sees objects located far away poorly. At the same time, everything that is close still retains a clear outline. Another name for the disease is myopia. Most patients worry about whether myopia can be cured. In order to get rid of pathology, an integrated approach is needed. Currently, there are effective conservative and surgical methods of treatment. In addition, it is allowed to turn to traditional medicine in order to strengthen vision. How to cure myopia, ophthalmologist decides in each case. After carrying out diagnostic measures, the doctor determines which method is suitable for the patient.
Development mechanism
Normally, images of surrounding objects focus on the retina. Under the influence of various adverse factors, the process of pathological changes starts. They are characterized by the fact that the images are not focused on the retina, but right in front of it. In this case, blurry and unsharp pictures reach the light-reflecting shell. Due to this, a person can hardly make out objects located far away, but he distinguishes very well those that are nearby.
According to statistics, about 30% of the world's population suffers from myopia. In this regard, the question of whether it is possible to cure myopia is becoming increasingly relevant. Myopia is most often diagnosed in children and adolescents. She can remain at the current level or progress. If the degree of myopia changes by 1 or more diopters annually, it is customary to talk about myopic disease. Pathology is dangerous because it leads to disability, because without treatment a person sooner or later completely loses sight.
The disease has several degrees of development:
- Weak It is characterized by a change in vision up to -3 diopters inclusive.
- Average. It is customary to talk about her when myopia is from -3 to -6 diopters inclusive.
- High. The degree of change is more than -6 diopters.
Myopia can be cured. The prognosis directly depends on the degree of severity of the pathology a person went to the doctor. Currently, there are operational techniques to restore vision even in advanced cases.
Causes
There are many provocative factors, due to which the development of the pathological process is started. The main causes of myopia include the following diseases and conditions:
- Hereditary predisposition. If both parents are healthy, then the probability of developing myopia in a child is no more than 8%. If the father and / or mother suffer from pathology, the risk increases to 50%. Many parents worry about whether it is possible to cure myopia in a child if the ailment is hereditary. In this case, it is important to contact an ophthalmologist as soon as possible. The doctor will help correct vision, while in most cases this happens using conservative methods.
- Deficiency of vital substances in the body. Lack of vitamins, minerals and trace elements leads to the fact that the development and proper formation of scleral tissues is disrupted. To avoid this, it is necessary to regularly eat foods rich in vitamins of group B, C, magnesium, copper, zinc and manganese.
- Eye strain. It arises against the background of their long and continuous operation. The situation is aggravated by poor lighting, improperly placed lamps and chandeliers, non-observance of the minimum allowable distance from the eyes to the computer monitor , books, notebooks, etc.
- Muscle weakness. A similar condition is congenital. It is characterized by the fact that the muscles of the eye, which are responsible for changing the degree of curvature of the lens, weaken and cannot fully cope with their task.
- Concomitant diseases. Myopia often develops against a background of astigmatism and strabismus.
- Elevated levels of intraocular and / or intracranial pressure.
- Diseases of an infectious nature.
- Hormonal imbalance.
- Craniocerebral and birth injuries.
If you ignore the disease, it will gradually progress. It is forbidden to try to correct vision independently. Incorrectly selected lenses or glasses most often cause disease progression. After the diagnosis, only a doctor can provide the patient with information about whether myopia can be cured without surgery.
Symptoms
Myopia develops asymptomatically for a long time. As a rule, the disease is detected during a routine examination. Most often myopia is detected up to 15 years. This is due to the fact that in school years, children are constantly faced with intense eye strain.
The following are considered alarming signs:
- The child complains that he sees faraway objects that are fuzzy.
- He tries to get closer to the object that he is considering.
- When the child looks into the distance, he squints.
Twilight vision with myopia also worsens. In other words, people suffering from myopia are much less oriented in space at night.
In addition, in both adults and children, the following conditions are also symptoms of myopia:
- Constant feeling of fatigue in the eyes.
- Frequent and severe episodes of headache.
- Feeling aching in the eyes.
Also, in some cases, friendly strabismus may develop.
The severity of symptoms depends on the degree of the disease. With weak myopia, a person notes the fact that far-lying objects are only slightly blurred. As the disease progresses, closely located objects are distinguishable, but only at a distance not exceeding 30 cm. If objects begin to be moved further away, their contours will become fuzzy. With a high degree of myopia, pronounced changes occur in the visual system. The vessels and retina become so thin that the sclera becomes visible. In this case, a person is able to make out only fingers maximum at arm's length.
There is such a thing as "false myopia." This is a pathological condition caused by spasm of the accommodating muscle. The latter occurs against the background of prolonged eye strain and, as a rule, in adolescents. How to cure myopia in this case should also tell the doctor. If you do not contact an ophthalmologist when the first alarming signs appear, the ailment can turn into true myopia.
Diagnostics
The doctor may suspect myopia based on patient complaints. However, in all cases, to confirm the diagnosis, it is necessary to undergo a comprehensive examination, including:
- Visual acuity test.
- Assessment of the fundus.
- The study of visual fields.
- Refractometry
- Skioscopy.
- Computer keratotopography.
Based on the results of a comprehensive diagnosis, the doctor draws up the most effective treatment regimen for the ailment. The specialist also tells the patient how to cure myopia without surgery. If this is not possible, the method of surgical intervention is determined.
Conservative Therapies
With the treatment of myopia can not be delayed. This is due to the fact that ignoring the problem leads to a decrease in visual acuity, which may result in complete blindness.
Many patients turning to a doctor are interested in whether myopia can be cured. It is important to understand that the disease can be corrected, but only if serious complications from the intraocular structures have not occurred.
The most affordable and easiest way to correct myopia is to wear glasses. With the help of these products, a person can look into the distance and clearly distinguish objects, while the development of pathological processes that can lead to complications stops.
For correction, the doctor can also select contact lenses for the patient. Their advantage over glasses is that they form a single refractive system with the cornea. This allows you to achieve better results in treatment.
The drug therapy regimen consists of the following items:
- The intake of vitamins. Their intake in sufficient quantities allows you to achieve good results. Patients with myopia are shown taking vitamin A, B1, B2, C, PP.
- Reception "Calcium gluconate." The drug helps strengthen blood vessels, preventing the occurrence of hemorrhages in the retina. In addition, the tool increases the degree of strength of the sclera.
- Reception "Trental." Helps to improve microcirculation in the intraocular structures. The drug is prescribed for an ailment of a progressive nature and a high degree.
- Reception "Routine". Designed to prevent retinal hemorrhage. The active substance reduces the degree of vascular permeability.
Drops may be prescribed to treat false myopia. They are shown in the case when the spasm of accommodation does not pass independently. As a rule, doctors prescribe Tropicamide and Scopolamine drops. Against the background of treatment, it is not recommended to read, write and work on a computer. This is due to the fact that during therapy a person for some time does not see closely located objects. The duration of treatment is no more than 1 week.
Operational methods
With the ineffectiveness of conservative methods, surgical intervention is indicated. Today, there are several highly effective ways to get rid of myopia. Many patients care about whether myopia can be cured by surgery. Surgery is currently the answer for people who suffer from myopia of any degree. In severe cases, vision may not be fully restored, but at the same time a person will see much better.
Regarding senile myopia. A similar concept applies to persons in whom myopia is detected after 40 years. Older patients also often ask the doctor if myopia can be cured in the elderly. The answer is yes. But there are some nuances. During the operation, vision is restored to 92-95%. If the correction is 100%, there is a risk of complications, while myopia will also progress.
At present, myopia can be cured by the following surgical methods:
- Installing a phakic lens.
- Laser correction.
- Lens replacement.
- Standard operation.
A phakic lens is a device that is installed in the area of the posterior wall of the cornea, that is, directly into the eye. This technique allows you to achieve a good correction and avoid a number of complications. The only drawback of the method is that when the pathology progresses, the lens must be replaced.
Laser correction is the most modern and most effective treatment. A similar technique is recommended for most patients. Parents who are concerned about the question of how to treat myopia in adolescents and children should pay attention to laser treatment. The only caveat - the operation is not performed if myopia exceeds 15 diopters.
The procedure takes only a few minutes. Moreover, in most patients, vision is restored to 100%. The procedure itself is strictly controlled by a doctor using computer equipment, and therefore the risk of making a mistake is minimized.
The patient can leave the medical facility about 2 hours after surgery. Over the next 10 days, drops of antibacterial action should be instilled into the eyes. In addition, during the recovery period, you need to sleep on your back. In order to control it is necessary to visit a doctor several times. After laser correction, it is forbidden to rub your eyes and wash them with dirty water, use decorative cosmetics and perform physical exercises, strain your eyes and stay in the sun.
Lens replacement is performed for people with myopia, which does not exceed 20 diopters. The operation is carried out using an ultrasound device. In the process, an artificial lens is installed in place of the lens.
If myopia progresses rapidly, standard surgery is indicated. During the operation, the doctor introduces a special plastic substance into the area behind the eyeball, which helps to strengthen the sclera. Regarding whether myopia can be cured completely in this way. A similar technique stops the progression of myopia, but does not eliminate it. After the operation, doctors recommend a laser correction.
Myopia Exercises
The complex is designed to prevent and stop the development of myopia. It is possible to cure myopia with exercises only if the disease is at an early stage. In other cases, the complex refers to auxiliary and preventive methods.
The most effective exercises:
- Close eyelids tightly for a few seconds (3-4), then you need to open your eyes as wide as possible. The number of repetitions is 4.
- Without looking up, look up. Make eyeballs in a circular motion.
- Extend your arms in front of you. Focus your vision on your fingertips. On inhale raise your hands up. Eyes need to continue to follow the fingertips without raising their heads.
- Fix the gaze on the object that is located as far as possible. Examine it for 1-2 minutes.
All exercises should be performed slowly. This complex is a godsend for those who are looking for information on how to cure myopia at home. But it is important to remember that myopia in the later stages does not lend itself to such a correction method.
Folk methods
In order to increase visual acuity, it is recommended to use half a tablespoon of lemongrass daily for 1 month. In addition, it is recommended to include blueberries in the diet. Of these, you can cook compote or eat in pure form.
It is also recommended to eat a mixture of honey, dried apricots and walnuts daily, as well as drink freshly squeezed vegetable and fruit juices.
These are the most effective recipes with which you can cure myopia at home. As in the case of lemongrass, all funds must be consumed within 1 month.
Forecast
The outcome of the disease directly depends on the timeliness of going to the doctor. At the initial stage of myopia, the prognosis is favorable. In 95% of cases, myopia is completely cured. Is it possible to restore vision in severe cases, says the doctor in each specific situation. It is important to understand that ignoring the disease can lead to blindness.
Finally
Myopia is a pathological process in which a person does not distinguish between far-reaching objects. In order to avoid the development of negative consequences, it is necessary to consult an ophthalmologist at the first signs of myopia. The doctor will diagnose and make the most effective treatment regimen.