An information and telecommunication network is a combination of methods and technologies used to obtain the necessary information that can ensure the activities of the company, as well as satisfy the personal needs of users. It is important to understand that the qualitative characteristics of the information received, that is, its reliability, volume, relevance and other characteristics, often depend on the owner of the information product, and not on the computer network.
Information and Users
An information and telecommunication network is a collection of resources that faces one important problem - information content. The development of the global infrastructure makes it more and more relevant, because a lot of subnets and data sets make the process of servicing each user very complicated. The use of information and telecommunication networks requires high quality information that is supplied to them, as well as high-quality integrated user services, high-quality equipment. An important point also applies to search engines, which often do not match the advertised capabilities.
Practice shows that even trained users are not able to fully evaluate the parameters of the presented systems. Quite often, those systems that became known through advertising, in fact, turn out to be not so effective, since in these cases the main part of the efforts of manufacturers is directed specifically at advertising promotion, and the quality problems of the supplied software are transferred to the background.
Types of information and telecommunication networks
There are two separate classes of telecommunication networks: universal and specialized. The characteristics of universal systems is high cost with wide coverage. In specialized systems there is no all possible information, therefore their cost is lower. It is important to understand that the number of documents entered in the brochures does not always serve as a sign of completeness and advantage of the acquired system. Quite often, the full texts of documents are replaced by short library cards. If an information and telecommunication network is being created, this necessitates the attraction of certain funds. At the same time, a supplier of products is selected that offers: the most convenient conditions for payments, low cost, technology for updating, a warranty service system, documents that indicate the possibility of selling.
Foreign telecommunication networks
The use of information and telecommunication networks implies the presence of several different types, which became the progenitors of one single. That is, it implies a certain evolutionary process, the result of which was the emergence of the world-famous Internet.
ARPANET - for over 15 years, the most developed global network connecting computers. At the moment, it is one of the largest subnets of the Internet. The main landmark of this complex is taken on tasks related to research activities.
INTERNET
INTERNET is the largest telecommunications network. Its definition as global is connected with the fact that it covers every corner of the globe. There are more than 30 million people as users, and this figure is increasing every year. Here, at the moment, all the services that are characteristic of public information and telecommunication networks are presented. The US National Science Foundation provides support and funding for most of the Internet, which focuses on educational and research tasks. For these purposes, several specialized subnets are presented here:
- NSFnet is characterized by a hierarchical structure and concentration around major university centers in the United States of America;
- Milnet - a network owned by the US Department of Defense;
- NASA Science Internet (NSI) - this information and telecommunication network is a combination of several computer networks engaged in space research, space physics, as well as other areas of a scientific nature that are integrated into a common global Internet network.
Bitnet
BITNET, like the Internet, is one of the oldest networks of a global nature. It provides network access to distributed research databases . Bitnet has several regional parts:
- Central and Western Europe - EARN; This includes computers of research centers in England, France, Germany, Italy and other countries;
- Canada - NetNorth.
EVnet is the largest computer network in Europe, which was launched in 1982. This information and telecommunication network is a branched structure that has regional offices in all European countries, as well as in the Baltic States and Russia.
Fidonet is a youth network for informal communication.
Russian telecommunication networks
The use of information and telecommunication networks occurs everywhere, and in Russia they were formed on the basis of industry networks. Not so long ago, their task was to create databases and electronic communications to ensure access to them. Therefore, these two areas of information activity on the Russian territory are practically not differentiated even now. At the moment there are three closed systems that have become the main ones: the network of the Presidential Administration, which has become an association of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, all bodies and ministries of legislative and executive power; Atlas network - a combination of the banking network and state authorities; PIENet network SIC “Kontur” FAPSI. All these networks are designed for special needs and are not accessible to ordinary users.
Industry Networks
When in the 90s of the last century on the territory of the former USSR the old system of economic management collapsed, many enterprises were faced with the fact that they lacked business information. It was at this time that the heyday of the business in the field of information and intermediary services fell. The collapse of the familiar system gave impetus to attract financial resources and the formation of a commercial information infrastructure. It was then that many industry networks served as the basis for the formation of commercial organizations providing telecommunication services.
The basis for business development
At that moment, many companies from abroad joined the Russian market with the goal of creating such a development tool as the information and telecommunication network. Foreign representatives had a concept of how this should work, because many networks and subnets have been operating quite successfully there for many years. It was then that specialized systems were formed to ensure access to the international level: Sprint, BizLink, Infonet, PIENet, GTS interlinc, Infotel. They were created by joint ventures based on foreign equipment and technologies. Now they have become part of the telecommunications network Internet.
Development of telecommunications and networks
At the moment, the development of the industry worldwide is carried out at a rapid pace. If we talk about compliance with the law, then the information and telecommunication network is a technological system designed to transmit information through communication lines. Access to information can be carried out exclusively subject to the use of computer technology. Data transmission via the information and telecommunication network Internet is carried out without restrictions, provided that the requirements of federal laws for the dissemination of information and the protection of intellectual property are strictly observed. At the moment, many companies, both in Russia and around the world, are engaged in the development of networks of world, federal, regional, corporate purpose, and also supply high-quality technological equipment manufactured by the enterprises-participants of the networks in full accordance with the standards of television and communication.