The attitude to military duty is ambiguous. For some, military training is an honorable duty and a duty. Others see military service as a useless measure, coupled with the hazards of hazing and harm to health - mental and physical. The article will discuss who this draftee is, the difference between a draftee and a military conscript will be considered, as well as the rules for passing a commission in a military registration and enlistment office.
Dormitory and draftee
According to the law, a young man who is 16 years old must be registered with the military commissariat. He has not yet reached the age of military service, so he is called the pre-conscript.
When a young man reaches 18 years, then by law he is obliged to serve in the army. The appeal is subject to all male persons, without exception. The young man receives a notice from the military registration and enlistment office on the need to appear and go through a commission, the results of which will reveal the degree of his suitability for service and the type of troops into which he can be enlisted. From this moment he becomes a conscript. Thus, a conscript is a male who has reached 18 years of age and is required by law to perform military service.
Differences between the draftee and the military
If a man has already served in the army or, for whatever reason, is unsuitable for military service in the army, then he will be written off. In this case, he becomes liable for military service. This means that if the situation requires it, he will be called up by the government to serve. In addition, officers, graduates of educational institutions with military specialization, and persons with deferment of service are liable for military service. Unlike a liable person, a conscript is someone who is about to go to military service or already carries out this service.
Who can get a respite
Categories of persons who may receive deferment from military service:
- scientists;
- young people studying in higher education institutions;
- civil servants;
- persons subject to criminal punishment;
- people raising minors alone;
- citizens caring for a seriously ill relative;
- people with criminal records or debts.
These categories of the population are also liable for military service, but they will become conscripts only when the life circumstances that give them a respite change: for example, when a student graduates from a university, when the term of criminal punishment expires, etc.
Passage of the draft board
The commission for draftees is an event that is held to establish the suitability of a young man for military service and clarify the nuances of this service.
On the appointed day, the young man arrives at the military commissariat, where the commission takes place. He needs to have the results of analyzes and some documents with him: a certificate of family composition, copies of certificates of education (certificate, diploma), copies of a passport and birth certificate.
Draftees in the draft board are subject to examination by the following doctors:
- ophthalmologist;
- otolaryngologist;
- surgeon;
- dentist;
- psychiatrist;
- therapist.
In some cases, a young person may be sent for additional examinations.
According to the results of passing the commission, the conscript is assigned a certain category. There are five of them:
- And - it is suitable, without deviations in a state of health.
- B - suitable, but there are minor health deviations.
- In - it is suitable for limited. This means that in peacetime the young man is released from military service, but in case of war he will be drafted into the ranks of the army.
- G - temporarily unsuitable. Usually the reason for assigning this category is an injury or exacerbation of a chronic disease. After the deferral period (not more than a year), the young man again appears on the commission.
- D - not suitable for military service. In this case, the man is not subject to appeal under any circumstances.
Diseases of Draftees
What diseases can lead to the fact that a young man will be recognized as partially fit or unfit for military service?
Category "D" is assigned in the presence of such diseases:
- mental retardation;
- blindness;
- deafness;
- lack of limbs.
In other cases, the conscript is written off to the reserve, implying the possibility of cure. Category "B" is given for such ailments:
- HIV infection
- open tuberculosis;
- severe speech pathologies;
- myopia and other pathologies of the organs of vision;
- diabetes;
- diseases of the cardiovascular system;
- allergies
- diseases of the excretory system, etc.
It should be noted that in some cases, these diseases lead to the assignment of category "D". It all depends on the severity of the disease, the possibility of cure, etc.
Terms of service
The duration of a draftee in the army has changed throughout history. For example, the duration of recruiting service in the army was once 25 years. Over time, the situation has changed in the direction of reducing the term. The service began to last six years, then three years, and finally two. In 2008, a new service life was determined for draftees - this is one year.
Military calls are held twice a year - in autumn and spring. The spring draft begins in April and ends in mid-July. The autumn call lasts from the beginning of October until the new year. Draftees of the year, that is, those over the age of 18, receive a corresponding summons from the military enlistment office.
Which women are military
Traditionally, the concept of military duty applies only to men. Girls do not receive subpoenas from the military commissariat and do not undergo medical commissions. However, some specialties automatically make a woman liable for military service, that is, in case of war, she will have to go to the front along with men to fulfill the duties that are imputed to her specialty.
List of professions that make women military liable:
- doctor;
- nurse;
- psychologist;
- accountant;
- telephone operator;
- meteorologist;
- surveyor and others
Age of Military Duty
The standard age of the conscript is from 18 to 27 years inclusive. During this age, a youth may be called up for military service. Before 18 years old, a young man cannot go to a military unit. Exceptions to this rule can only be in wartime: for example, WWII draftees went to the front at the age of 16-17 years.
Another thing is military service. Having served in the army and received a military ID, the man is in stock and can be drafted into the army at any time.
The upper limit of age depends on various factors: health, life circumstances and officer rank. The higher the position, the higher the border. For example, persons with ranks below the senior warrant officer are deregistered at 50 years old. But the generals are required to be in stock up to 65 years.
As for women, for them the age of deregistration is 45 years. Female officers are in reserve for up to 50 years.
Conclusions on the article:
- A conscript is a man of 18 years old, called up for military service in the army.
- Unlike the draftee, those liable for military service have served or have a deferment from the army.
- The draft board assigns the youth a health category that determines for him the admissibility of service and possible restrictions.
- Women in Russia are not conscripts, with the exception of professions that impose military duty.