Before determining what should be the operating temperature of a diesel engine or any other optimal parameters, you should find out what its design and principle of operation are.
Diesel engine features
This type of engine was invented back in 1824 by a French physicist who put forward the theory that by changing the volume of the body, you can heat it, that is, produce rapid compression.
This hypothesis found practical application only after 70 years. It was then that the first diesel engine was released. Its principle of operation is as follows: self-ignition of the injected fuel occurs, which interacts with air during compression.
The diesel engine finds a wide range of applications, starting from cars, agricultural machinery and ending with military equipment (tanks, sea vessels).
Advantages and disadvantages of a diesel engine
Like all other engines, diesel has a number of both positive and negative sides. Main advantages:
- Firstly, diesel engines can consume any fuel, so there are no serious requirements for it.
- Secondly, the greater the mass and concentration of carbon atoms, the greater the calorific value of the engine and its effectiveness.
- Thirdly, vehicles with diesel engines are more responsive due to the high value of torque at low speeds. Therefore, owners of sports fast cars prefer a diesel engine option.
- Fourth, the carbon dioxide content in the exhaust is an order of magnitude lower than that of similar gasoline.
- Fifth, a diesel engine is more economical, since the cost of diesel fuel is less than the cost of gasoline.
Despite such an impressive list of advantages, the diesel engine also has several disadvantages:
- Firstly, the cost of a diesel engine is higher than the cost of a gasoline one, since due to the high mechanical stress arising during operation, the parts must be of high quality and durable.
- Secondly, the power of gasoline engines exceeds the power of diesel engines.
- Thirdly, in winter the probability of solidification of diesel fuel is more than gasoline.
- Fourth, the operation of a diesel engine should be extremely careful and accurate, since if you do not take care of it, you will have to carry out repairs that will cost a lot of money.
Combustion phases
The engine workflow is divided into four parts. The first is the injection of a combustible mixture into a combustion chamber in which there is high pressure.
The second - this mixture begins to ignite and burn. The third part is the formation of untreated mixed drops, which then turn into soot. At the 4th phase - burning out of fuel residues in order to limit atmospheric pollution from them. It also shows a lack of oxygen, this is due to the burnt mass of fuel in the previous parts.
Parameters of diesel engines
Many car owners ask what the operating temperature of a diesel engine should be. But to answer it, you should pay a little attention to the main parameters that affect the operation of the motor. The number of cycles is important in the operation of the motor, that is, there are two-and four-stroke.
The power of the unit also depends on the torque. The operating temperature of a diesel engine is determined by the compression ratio of the gas-fuel mixture, so the temperature is directly proportional to compression. Thus, with increasing compression, the temperature will increase, as a result of which the intensity of this process will increase, increasing the efficiency. It is worth remembering that the most effective work is done with uniform combustion of the fuel mixture.
An important parameter to achieve the highest possible performance is the operating temperature. The operating temperature of the diesel engine must be maintained based on the design and purpose of the engine. This fact determines whether the temperature is normal or not.
Volkswagen operating temperature
What is the operating temperature of a Volkswagen diesel engine? This question is asked by many owners of these cars. As you know, each brand, car model, depending on the type of engine, has its own operating temperature.
As a rule, the operating temperature of a Volkswagen diesel engine is in the range of 90-100 degrees Celsius. Sometimes it happens that the dashboard shows a temperature higher than it actually is. This often happens on individual brands of Volkswagen cars. But there is no need to rush to change equipment, first you need to contact the service for technical inspection and to establish the cause of the malfunction.
Mercedes operating temperature
The operating temperature of a Mercedes diesel engine depends on many factors. First of all, these are the vehicle operating conditions. Then the type of thermostat. Also, depending on the region of residence, whether it is Siberia or the more southern regions, the thermostat is adjusted to the optimum temperature.
The normal operating temperature of a Mercedes diesel engine can range from 80 to 100 degrees. On powerful engines from 220 horsepower, they set the thermostat at 75-78 degrees Celsius. For cold regions, on the contrary, up to 97 and above degrees.
Operating temperature "Opel"
The operating temperature of the Opel diesel engine, due to the fact that it is under high pressure, can sometimes exceed the mark of the normal indicator by several points. Usually it fluctuates around 104-111 degrees Celsius.
In cars of the Opel brand, a cooling system is provided. If the upper limit of the operating temperature is exceeded, a fan is turned on, which quickly cools the engine to the minimum value.
KAMAZ operating temperature
A very popular question among owners or about to become ones is the question of what is the operating temperature of a KamAZ diesel engine. The answer to this question is the interval of 95-98 degrees Celsius.
At this temperature, the fuel burns out completely, most of the allowable clearances in the engine are selected. If the operating temperature is too low, this may adversely affect the operation of the engine.
Diesel engine oil
The main task of oil and other lubricants in the engine is to significantly reduce friction between parts, which increases their service life. The choice of lubricant depends on the type of engine and the tasks. The operating temperature of the oil in a diesel engine depends on the coolant fluid. The difference is 10-15 degrees Celsius. The upper threshold of its normal temperature is 105 degrees.
In addition to the temperature, the oil must also have optimal parameters: viscosity and lubrication, to ensure maximum useful engine operation. Viscosity should be determined based on weather conditions and air temperature. Since if the wrong oil with the wrong viscosity is selected, the operation of the engine and its parts can be disrupted. Lubrication has two types: boundary, hydrodynamic. Boundary lubrication assumes that the used oil is removed from the engine parts, and a portion of new oil is brought to them. Hydrodynamic is that the oil is constantly renewed, lubricating the parts. More modern engine models use the first lubrication option.
Working temperature increase
A sharp increase in the operating temperature in the engine can do more harm than inadequate temperature. In this case, the engine parts begin to work in the hydrodynamic lubrication mode, which leads to a decrease in oil viscosity. Then the oil does not completely cover all the details, which subsequently leads to damage to the engine mechanism. Oil indicators will be normal, thanks to constant dosing. When the engine overheats, the housing and bearings first become unusable, but the pump remains normal. This phenomenon is similar to problems caused by insufficient lubrication.
Starting diesel engines in winter conditions
Almost all people know that before driving, it is necessary to warm up the car engine. Especially in winter time. If we consider this heating process in detail, we will see the following: first of all, the pistons begin to heat up, and only then the cylinder block. If you start the movement with an unheated engine, then the oil, which has a thick consistency, will not come in the right quantities. And in the end, this event can lead to damage.
It should be noted that excessive heating of the car for wear is very harmful. This reduces the life of the engine parts and the entire car. In order to warm up the car correctly, it is necessary to bring the liquid temperature to 50 degrees Celsius with the help of idle turns. After that, you can safely begin to move, not exceeding 2500 rpm. After heating the oil to the working mark, you can add gas.
Fulfilling these conditions, it is possible to maintain in integrity not only the motor, but also your budget. If the engine refuses to start, then specially invented additives should be used. Because of their composition, they are not waxed. They are added not only as independent additives, but also in combination with fuel, observing optimal proportions.