Carpentry and joinery are not complete without the use of fasteners. They vary in variety, accessory, type of mount and area of use. Types of fasteners:
- bracket;
- dowel;
- capercaillie;
- nog;
- wooden chop;
- dowel and other products.
The use of these parts is not as common as the use of nails and self-tapping screws, but when faced with such forms of fasteners, the master must understand how to work with them.
Design features of the pins
A nagel made of wood is one of the oldest varieties of fasteners. This is the same wooden chopik that is hammered into the holes made in the furniture details, and for extra durability it is coated with PVA glue. Fixation occurs due to the natural elasticity of the material.
Species diversity
Chopiks are different, and not just the ones you are used to seeing in furniture assembly kits. They are classified according to the type of material used, the shape and size.
Material
In construction, pins are often used:
- birch - characterized by lightness, strength, durability, resistance to shock and bending loads;
- maple - extremely tough and difficult to process, characterized by mechanical stability;
- oak - amenable to special processing, on the basis of which the pricing policy for fasteners is formed, have a long service life.
Shaped Features
To connect, most often use wooden choppers of two types:
- Round - widespread, but have a high cost compared to other parts.
- Square - although the manufacturing process is simple, it is rarely used. To use this type of fastener, it is required to cut down the mounting holes corresponding to the shape of the screw. The process is complex, time-consuming, while the nests for round wooden choppers are made simple.
Dimensions
The minimum diameter of the plug is limited to 25 mm. These are mainly furniture wooden choppers. To connect larger parts - beams or logs - fasteners with a cross section of 50 mm or more are used.
Characteristics of wooden dowels
A wooden dowel is akin to Chopik, an analogue in carpentry. Outwardly it looks like a wooden embossed rod of small diameter. Designed for connection by screwing or gluing furniture parts into pre-prepared grooves and holes.
How to make a wooden dowel with your own hands
If necessary, pins and dowels can be made at home, but a lathe is required for production. The manufacturing process of wood fasteners is as follows:
- For work, they take a log of the selected breed. The bar should be of high quality, without cracks, wormholes, knots, bumps. Use quality dried wood. When dried, the parts may deform and crack, resulting in a change in the cross section of a wooden chopper for furniture.
- Place the workpiece on the lathe and start removing chips, gradually reducing the diameter.
- Having reached the required section, remove the chamfers and cut the workpiece.
Note! In the factory, the length of the pins is up to 200 centimeters. After processing, the workpiece is removed and cut into fasteners of the required length.
How to arrange a connection between furniture parts
The procedure for attaching parts to a wooden nail is not difficult. Following the instructions below, you can effortlessly connect the parts and assemble the furniture. The assembly diagram is as follows:
- Holes are drilled in the parts to be joined if they were not made at the factory. The diameter of the recesses should slightly exceed the diameter of the chopper, and the length should be 1-2 mm longer than the Nagel. The presence of gaps in this case is by no means a disadvantage. They prevent jamming of fasteners and help to compensate for temperature and humidity deformation.
- The protruding part is filed if necessary.
- A dowel is hammered into the hole with a mallet so that its surface is just below the plane of the part. If you want to connect the furniture frame, then the dowel is half clogged. The protruding part of the furniture wooden chopstick is greased with glue and, having laid the end part of the furniture or the facade on top, they are seated on the mount.
At first glance, it seems that this technique does not provide a reliable fixation of the structure, but in practice it turns out that when using high-quality, well-dried dowels, furniture, log houses made of timber and wood are durable and stable.
Dowels, pins, choppers, metal fasteners are varieties of fasteners used for reliable connection. Without their application, it is impossible to imagine the homebuilding industry, the furniture industry.