When starting their own business, many people are faced with such issues as paperwork, filling out a tax return, etc. Of course, for most companies, this work is carried out by hired employees - accountants who know all the basics of keeping records of cash and material resources. However, for beginner individual entrepreneurs and for those who independently conduct their own business, it will be useful to know about some aspects of doing business. For example, in the case when an “advance payment” is made, the invoice is issued in accordance with the requirements established by law. In this article we will try to highlight the main points of this issue.
What is an “advance” payment: invoice - execution
Any operations related to the circulation of funds, such as vacation and shipment of goods or their receipt, the provision of any services, etc., must be recorded in special documents - invoices. According to the amount of payment, according to the Tax Code, VAT is charged. In turn, for processes where the implementation of such operations is to be done in the future and at the same time payment is made in advance (partially or in full), there is an “advance” procedure, an invoice must be issued necessarily.
In this case, the following stages can be conditionally distinguished:
- Paperwork for the amount of the advance payment. This process must be carried out no later than 5 days after receiving the advance. Issuing invoices is carried out in duplicate. The form of this document was approved (02.12.2000) by government decree No. 914. In this case, one sample is given to the buyer, and the other must be filed in a special journal to record these documents.
- On the shipment of goods (even if the payment is advanced), the invoice must be issued in the same manner, this procedure is carried out by the supplier. At the same time, similar requirements are put forward - a five-day period, and the provision of two copies of documentation, one of which is filed in a special journal (accounting for issued forms) and registered in two other lists - sales and purchase books. In the last document (when the payment is in advance), the invoice can be recorded several times, for example, in case of shipment of the goods in parts (in several batches).
- Entering of the results of all accounting operations into the declaration is carried out according to the model, the filling of which was approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No. 136n (11/07/2006). When this document is executed, the advance amounts (per quarter) must be inscribed in line No. 140 (150) of the 3rd section. Paragraph 020 (030) includes the amount of tax on the shipment of goods, VAT payments calculated on prepayment, and which must be taken for deduction, are recorded in paragraph 300 of the same section.
Design Highlights
The procedure for filling an advance invoice is regulated in the Tax Code (Article No. 169), in accordance with the provisions of this document, the following provisions should be presented in the form:
- date of statement and number assigned to the invoice (commission agent, i.e. seller);
- details of the buyer and seller (TIN, address and name of organization);
- Settlement and payment document number;
- name of goods supplied, description of services, transfer of property rights, and so on;
- tax rate;
- the value of the amount of tax payments that are presented to the buyer;
- the value of the prepayment (partial) for future purchases of goods or the receipt of any services.
The absence of any item leads to a violation of the design of the form, so this moment needs to be paid special attention. If the advance invoice has errors or is not completely filled, then in this case the taxpayer is not entitled to accept the indicated amount for deduction. Proper execution will prevent unpleasant situations when filling out and submitting a declaration to the appropriate structure.