Vision is considered one of the greatest values in human life, and few people think about it, being in good health. But it is worth at least once to encounter any eye disease, as for the very possibility of seeing clearly you already want to give all the treasures. Timely diagnosis is important here - vision treatment will be effective only with the correct diagnosis.
In the modern world, there are a large number of diverse techniques that can identify any problem with the eyes even at the first signs of a disease. All of them make it possible to determine the nature of the threat, and the tactics of further treatment. Such studies are carried out using special equipment in ophthalmological clinics.
Despite the fact that the process of a full examination by an oculist takes only an hour, for additional diagnosis it is better to allocate more free time. The whole problem lies in the fact that during the study, the eyes are instilled with a special solution that dilates the pupil. This helps to see most of the lens in order to conduct a better examination of the fundus. The action of these drops can last several hours, so in the noted period it is worth abandoning any activity.
Why contact an ophthalmologist?
In the life of any person, a moment can come when you have to turn to an eye doctor for help. Such a decision is determined by a number of factors that become possible during a visit to an ophthalmologist.
- Comprehensive diagnosis of vision.
- Professional equipment and high quality supplies.
- Reasonable price of the services provided.
- Diagnosis and choice of treatment.
- The presence of a special database where all information about any of the patients is stored.
- Individual approach and the appointment of the required examinations.
- Operation with subsequent rehabilitation.
- Consultation of related specialists.
It should be remembered that a person's vision can be impaired for various reasons. Find them and eliminate will help only a modern survey.
General information
Diagnosis of vision is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis or simply to identify causes that impair vision, as well as to select the optimal course of treatment for each individual patient. An integrated approach to this issue will help to identify the true cause of poor vision, because many eye diseases have similar symptoms.
For this, a comprehensive diagnosis of vision is carried out, studying a whole list of various indicators:
- visual acuity check;
- finding refraction of the eye;
- establishing a field of view ;
- condition of the optic nerve;
- depth measurement of the cornea of the eye and so on.
Also, the list of a comprehensive examination necessarily includes an ultrasound of the internal structures of the eye on the possibility of pathologies.
Examination preparation
A complete diagnosis of vision or a partial examination can be carried out only after proper preparation. To do this, you should initially consult a doctor who can see if a problem with vision is a concomitant symptom of some other disease. This applies to diabetes mellitus or the presence of a chronic infection in the body. When compiling an anamnesis, it is necessary to take into account the question of the heredity of the patient, which can affect his well-being in a certain period of his life. Before going to the ophthalmologist himself, no special preparation is needed, unless it is better to get a good night's sleep so that you can adequately interpret the results obtained during the examination.
Vision Diagnostic Methods
At the moment, ophthalmology has advanced far in understanding the eye as a separate element of the whole organism. Thanks to this, it is possible to more accurately and quickly treat a wide variety of eye problems, for which innovative methods are used. It is simply impossible to list all of them, but getting to know the most popular and popular ones is worth a closer look.
Visometry
Diagnosis of vision begins with the traditional method - determining acuity and refraction. For this, special tables with letters, pictures or other characters are used. The Golovin-Sivtsev table is considered the most familiar in this case , although in recent years halogen sign projectors have come first. In the latter case, doctors manage to check the sharpness of binocular and color vision. Initially, verification is carried out without correction, and then together with the lens and a special spectacle frame. This solution allows the doctor to diagnose the problem as accurately as possible and select the optimal treatment for its elimination. Usually after this, patients can regain 100% vision.
Tonometry
The most common ophthalmologist procedure, which involves the measurement of intraocular pressure. Such a diagnosis of vision is very important when glaucoma appears. In practice, such a study is provided by contact or non-contact ways. In the first case, a Maklakov or Goldman tonometer is used, which needs to measure the degree of deflection of the cornea of the eye under pressure. With the non-contact method, the pneumotonometer determines intraocular pressure using a directed air stream. Both methods have the right to exist and can make it possible to judge the possibility of a number of specific eye diseases. A similar procedure is considered mandatory for people over 40 years old, since it is at that age that the risk of developing glaucoma increases.
Ultrasound examination of the eye and orbit
Ultrasound of the eye is considered a non-invasive and highly informative research method that provides an opportunity to examine the posterior segment of the eye, the vitreous body and orbit. A similar technique is carried out solely on the recommendation of the attending physician and is considered mandatory before performing certain operations or removing cataracts.
Currently, conventional ultrasound has been replaced by ultrasound biomicroscopy, which studies the anterior segment of the eye at the micro level. Using a similar immersion diagnostic procedure, you can get comprehensive information about the structure of the anterior eye.
There are several techniques for performing this procedure, depending on which the eyelid may be closed or open. In the first case, the sensor moves along the eyeball, and surface anesthesia is performed to avoid discomfort. With a closed eyelid, you just need to apply a little special liquid on it, which at the end of the procedure is removed with a regular cloth.
In time, such a technique for examining the condition of the eye takes no more than a quarter of an hour. Ultrasound of the eye has no contraindications regarding the purpose, so it can be performed on children, pregnant women and even people with serious illnesses.
Computer diagnostics of vision
The noted method for the study of eye diseases is considered one of the most accurate. Thanks to his help, you can find any eye disease. The use of specific medical devices makes it possible to assess the state of all structures of the visual organ. It is worth noting that such a procedure is performed without direct contact with the patient, therefore it is completely painless.
Computer diagnostics, depending on the age of the patient, can last from 30 minutes to an hour. To do this, a person applying for a published study will have to take a position near a special device that will fix the look on the image that appears. Immediately after this, the autorefractometer will be able to measure a number of indicators, the results of which can be used to judge the condition of the eyes.
Computer diagnostics of vision can be prescribed by an ophthalmologist to assess the patient’s eye condition for diseases or pathogenic processes, determine the most optimal treatment plan or confirm the need for subsequent surgery.
Ophthalmoscopy
Another method for examining the human eye, in the case of which particular importance is attached precisely to the choroid of the marked organ, as well as to the optic nerve and retina. During the procedure, a special ophthalmoscope is used, which directs a direct light beam to the eye. The main condition for this method is the presence of a maximally dilated pupil, which makes it possible to examine the inaccessible peripheral parts of the retina. Thanks to an ophthalmoscope, doctors manage to detect retinal stratification and its peripheral dystrophy, as well as fundus pathology, which does not manifest itself clinically. To expand the pupil, you only need to use some short-acting mydriatic.
Of course, this list of existing methods for diagnosing problems of the organs of vision is far from complete. There are a number of specific procedures with which you can detect only certain eye diseases. But any doctor can prescribe any of them, so at the very beginning you just need to make an appointment with an optometrist.
Diagnosis of eye problems in children
Unfortunately, eye diseases can occur not only in adults - children also often suffer from similar problems. Just to conduct a quality examination of a baby scared by the presence of a doctor, an assistant is needed. Diagnosis of vision in children is carried out in almost the same way as in adults, only the head, arms and legs of the child must be fixed in one position to obtain the most accurate results.
It is worth noting that the diagnostic methods in this case will be identical to the above, however, an eyepiece may be needed. Pyrometry children from 3 years old are in the form of a fun game with colorful pictures. If it comes to instrumental research, it is worth using anesthetic droplets for the eyes.
For a better examination of the child, you should consult a pediatric ophthalmologist who has special training.
Where to go for diagnostics?
If the question of conducting one of the methods for diagnosing eye diseases has become a priority, it is time to contact an ophthalmologist. But where to make the diagnosis of vision so that it is accurate, correct and really makes it possible to understand the root causes of vision problems?
Of course, the most experienced specialists in this regard are located in the capital, where a lot of ophthalmic medical institutions with special innovative equipment are located. That is why even district oculists are assigned to diagnose vision in Moscow. The best clinics in Russia located in this city will help to quickly and accurately make the correct diagnosis and determine the tactics of subsequent treatment. Given the reputation of modern medical institutions in the capital and the number of clients accessing them, it is worth highlighting the following options.
- Moscow Eye Clinic.
- Ophthalmological Center Konovalov.
- MNTK "Eye Microsurgery".
- Medical center "Excimer".
- Medical center "Ocomed".
All that remains for a person who has vision problems is simply to contact one of these institutions and get the necessary help.