Pinocchio, Hurricane, Tornado, Typhoon: multiple launch rocket system. Description and specifications

In connection with the ongoing clashes in different countries of the world, television screens constantly broadcast news reports from one or another hot spot. And very often alarming messages are heard about hostilities, during which various multiple launch rocket systems (MLRS) are actively involved. It is difficult for a person who is in no way connected with the army or the military to navigate in a wide variety of various military equipment, therefore in this article we will tell in detail to a simple layman about such death machines as:

• A heavy tank-based flamethrower system (TOC) is the Pinocchio multiple launch rocket system (an infrequently used but highly effective weapon).
• The multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) Grad is a widely used weapon of mass destruction.
• The upgraded and improved “sister” of the Grad MLRS is the Tornado-G multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) (which the media and people often call the Typhoon because of the chassis of the Typhoon truck used in the combat vehicle).
• Multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) "Hurricane" - a powerful weapon with a large radius of action, used to destroy almost any purpose.
• Unparalleled worldwide, unique, reverential horror and used for total annihilation multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) "Smerch".

"Pinocchio" from an unkind tale

In the relatively distant 1971, in the USSR, engineers from the Design Bureau of Transport Engineering, located in Omsk, presented another masterpiece of military power. It was the heavy Pinocchio multiple launch rocket system (TOSZO). The creation and subsequent improvement of this flamethrower complex was stored under the heading "Top Secret". The development lasted 9 years, and in 1980 the combat complex, which is a kind of tandem of the T-72 tank and launcher with 24 guides, was finally approved and put into the Armed Forces of the Soviet Army.

Pinocchio: application

TOSZO "Pinocchio" is used for arson and significant damage:

• enemy equipment (except armored);
• high-rise buildings and other construction objects;
• various protective structures;
• manpower.

MLRS (TOS) "Pinocchio": description

As the Grad and Hurricane multiple launch rocket systems, the Buratino TOZZO was first used in the Afghan and second Chechen wars. According to 2014 data, the military forces of Russia, Iraq, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan have such combat vehicles.

The system of volley fire "Pinocchio" characteristics are as follows:

• The weight of TOC with a full set for combat is about 46 tons.
• The Pinocchio is 6.86 meters long, 3.46 meters wide and 2.6 meters high.
• The caliber of the shells is 220 millimeters (22 cm).
• For firing, uncontrolled rockets are used that cannot be controlled after they are fired.
• The longest firing range is 13.6 kilometers.
• The maximum area of ​​damage after the production of one volley is 4 hectares.
• The number of charges and guides - 24 pieces.
• The salvo aiming is carried out directly from the cockpit using a special fire control system, which consists of a laser rangefinder and sight, a roll sensor and a ballistic computer.
• The shells for picking ROSZO after the volleys are carried out by means of a transport-loading (TZM) machine model 9T234-2, with a crane and a charging device.
• Managed by Pinocchio 3 people.

As can be seen from the characteristics, only one volley of "Pinocchio" is able to turn 4 hectares into flaming hell. Impressive power, right?

Precipitation in the form of "hail"

In 1960, the USSR monopoly on the production of multiple launch rocket systems and other weapons of mass destruction NPO Splav launched another secret project and began to develop a completely new at that time MLRS called Grad. Amendments lasted 3 years, and the MLRS entered the ranks of the Soviet Army in 1963, but this did not stop its improvement, it continued until 1988.

Grad: application

Like the Uragan MLRS, the Grad multiple launch rocket system showed such good results in battle that, despite its "advanced age", it continues to be widely used to this day. "Grad" is used to deliver a very impressive blow to:

• artillery batteries;
• any military equipment, including armored;
• manpower;
• command posts
• military industrial facilities;
• anti-aircraft systems.

In addition to the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the Grad multiple launch rocket system is in service with almost all countries of the world, including almost all continents of the globe. The largest number of military vehicles of this type are in the USA, Hungary, Sudan, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Vietnam, Bulgaria, Germany, Egypt, India, Kazakhstan, Iran, Cuba, Yemen. Volley fire systems of Ukraine also contain 90 units of "Grad".

MLRS "Grad": description

Grad multiple launch rocket system features are as follows:

• The total weight of the Grad MLRS, ready for battle and equipped with all the shells, is 13.7 tons.
• MLRS length - 7.35 meters, width - 2.4 meters, height - 3.09 meters.
• The caliber of the shells is 122 millimeters (just over 12 cm).
• For firing, 122 mm caliber basic missiles are used, as well as high-explosive fragmentation explosive shells, chemical, incendiary and smoke warheads.
• Firing range MLRS "Grad" - from 4 to 42 kilometers.
• The maximum area of ​​damage after the production of one volley is 14.5 hectares.
• The number of charges and guides - 40 pieces.
• One salvo is carried out in just 20 seconds.
• A full reload of the MLRS Grad lasts about 7 minutes.
• The reactive system is put into a combat position in no more than 3.5 minutes.
• MLRS reloading is possible only with the use of a transport-loading machine.
• The sight is implemented using a gun panorama.
• Manage the "City" 3 people.

"Grad" is a volley fire system, the characteristics of which, in our time, receive the highest score from the military. Throughout its existence, it was used in the Afghan war, in clashes between Azerbaijan and Nagorno-Karabakh, in both Chechen wars, during military operations in Libya, South Ossetia and Syria, as well as in the civil war in Donbass (Ukraine) that broke out in 2014 year.

Attention! Tornado Coming

"Tornado-G" (as mentioned above, this MLRS is sometimes mistakenly called "Typhoon", so both names are given here for convenience) - the multiple launch rocket system, which is a modernized version of the Grad MLRS. Design engineers of the Splav plant worked on the creation of this powerful hybrid. Development began in 1990 and lasted 8 years. The capabilities and power of the reactive system were first demonstrated in 1998 at a training ground near Orenburg, after which it was decided to further improve this MLRS.To get the final result, the developers over the next 5 years improved the Tornado-G (Typhoon). The volley fire system was credited to the arsenal of the Russian Federation in 2013. At the moment, this combat m The tire is only in the arsenal of the Russian Federation. "Tornado-G" ("Typhoon") is a multiple launch rocket system, which has no analogues anywhere.

Tornado: application

MLRS is used in battle to crush targets such as:

• artillery;
• all types of enemy equipment;
• military and industrial facilities;
• anti-aircraft systems.

MLRS "Tornado-G" ("Typhoon"): description

“Tornado-G” (“Typhoon”) - a multiple launch rocket system, which due to the increased ammunition power, greater range and integrated satellite guidance system surpassed its so-called “older sister” - MLRS “Grad” - 3 times.

Specifications:

• The weight of the MLRS fully loaded is 15.1 tons.
• The length of the Tornado-G is 7.35 meters, its width is 2.4 meters, and its height is 3 meters.
• The caliber of the shells is 122 millimeters (12.2 cm).
• MLRS "Tornado-G" is universal in that, in addition to the basic shells from the MLRS "Grad", you can use a new generation of ammunition with detachable cumulative warheads filled with cluster explosive elements, as well as high-explosive shells.
• The firing range under favorable landscape conditions reaches 100 kilometers.
• The maximum area undergoing destruction after the production of one volley is 14.5 hectares.
• The number of charges and guides - 40 pieces.
• The sight is carried out using several hydraulic drives.
• One salvo is carried out in 20 seconds.
• The deadly machine is ready for work within 6 minutes.
• Shooting is done using a remote installation (DU) and a fully automated fire control system located in the cockpit.
• Crew - 2 people.

Ferocious Hurricane

As it happened with most MLRS, the history of the “Hurricane” began back in the USSR, and more precisely, in 1957. The “fathers” of the Uragan MLRS were Alexander Ganichev and Yury Nikolaevich Kalachnikov. Moreover, the first designed the system itself, and the second developed a combat vehicle.

Hurricane Application

MLRS "Hurricane" is designed to break down such goals as:

• artillery batteries;
• any enemy equipment, including armored;
• living force;
• all kinds of construction objects;
• anti-aircraft missile systems;
• tactical missiles.

MLRS "Hurricane": description

For the first time, “Hurricane” was used in the Afghan war. They say that the Mujahideen, before fainting, were afraid of this MLRS and even gave it a formidable nickname - “shaitan-trumpet”.

In addition, the system of volley fire "Hurricane", the characteristics of which inspire respect among soldiers, visited the clashes in South Africa. This is what prompted the military of the African continent to carry out developments in the field of MLRS.

At the moment, this MLRS is in service with countries such as: Russia, Ukraine, Afghanistan, the Czech Republic, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Belarus, Poland, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Yemen, Kyrgyzstan, Guinea, Syria, Tajikistan, Eritrea, Slovakia.

The "Hurricane" volley fire system has the following characteristics:

• The weight of the MLRS fully equipped and in combat readiness is 20 tons.
• The length of the Hurricane is 9.63 meters, its width is 2.8 meters, and its height is 3.225 meters.
• The caliber of the shells is 220 millimeters (22 cm). It is possible to use shells with a monolithic high-explosive warhead, with high-explosive fragmentation elements, with anti-tank and anti-personnel mines.
• The firing range is 8-35 kilometers.
• The maximum area of ​​damage after the production of one volley is 29 hectares.
• The number of charges and guides - 16 pieces, the guides themselves are able to rotate 240 degrees.
• One salvo is carried out in 30 seconds.
• A full reload of the MLRS "Hurricane" lasts about 15 minutes.
• The combat vehicle goes into combat position in just 3 minutes.
• MLRS reloading is possible only when interacting with the TK-machine.
• Shooting is carried out either using a portable control panel, or directly from the cockpit.
• The crew is 6 people.

Like the Smerch multiple launch rocket system, the Hurricane works under any military conditions, as well as when the enemy uses nuclear, bacteriological or chemical weapons. In addition, the complex is able to function at any time of the day, regardless of the season and temperature fluctuations. "Hurricane" is able to regularly participate in hostilities both in the cold (-40 ° C), and with sweltering heat (+ 50 ° C). The destination hurricane MLRS "Hurricane" can be delivered by water, by air or by rail.

The Deadly Tornado

The "Smerch" multiple launch rocket system, the characteristics of which surpass all existing MLRS in the world, was created in 1986 and put into service with the USSR military forces in 1989. This powerful death machine to this day has no analogues in any of the countries of the world.

Tornado: application

This MLRS is rarely used, mainly for total annihilation:

• artillery batteries of all types;
• absolutely any military equipment;
• manpower;
• communication centers and command posts;
• construction projects, including military and industrial;
• anti-aircraft systems.

MLRS "Smerch": description

MLRS "Smerch" is available in the armed forces of Russia, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Turkmenistan, Georgia, Algeria, Venezuela, Peru, China, Georgia, Kuwait.

The system of volley fire "Smerch" characteristics are as follows:

• The weight of the MLRS fully loaded and in a combat position is 43.7 tons.
• The length of the "Tornado" is 12.1 meters, the width is 3.05 meters, and the height is 3.59 meters.
• The caliber of shells is impressive - 300 millimeters.
• For firing, cluster missiles are used with an integrated control unit and an additional engine that corrects the direction of charge on the way to the target. The purpose of the shells can be different: from fragmentation to thermobaric.
• Firing range MLRS "Smerch" - from 20 to 120 kilometers.
• The maximum area of ​​damage after a single salvo is 67.2 hectares.
• The number of charges and guides - 12 pieces.
• One salvo is carried out in 38 seconds.
• Full re-equipment of MLRS "Smerch" with shells lasts about 20 minutes.
• "Tornado" is ready for combat feats in a maximum of 3 minutes.
• MLRS reloading is carried out only when interacting with a TK-machine equipped with a crane and a charging device.
• The crew is 3 people.

MLRS "Smerch" - is an ideal weapon of mass destruction, capable of working in almost any temperature conditions, day and night. In addition, shells fired by MLRS "Smerch" fall strictly vertically, thereby easily destroying the roofs of houses and armored vehicles. It is almost impossible to hide from the Tornado, the MLRS burns and destroys everything within its radius of action. Of course, this is not the power of a nuclear bomb, but still the one who owns the "Tornado" owns the world.

The idea of ​​"world peace" is a dream. And as long as the MLRS exist, unattainable ...