Due to the vastness of agricultural land, as well as the developed construction industry, the USSR needed a large number of appropriate equipment like tractors. The most mass tracked Soviet model is the DT-75. Kazakhstan launched its production in 1986 at the Pavlodar Tractor Plant. This is the traction class model "3". The following is the general history of the machine, its characteristics, as well as the features of the Kazakhstan versions.
History
DT-75 was developed as a replacement for DT-59. The first prototypes were assembled in 1956. According to the test results, after 4 years they began the modernization of the Volgograd Tractor Plant for the production of a new model. She took 3 years, and in 1963 they began to graduate. From then until 2009, more than 2.7 million vehicles were produced. In 2013, the model celebrated its half-century anniversary.
DT-75 Kazakhstan was launched in 1968 at the Pavlodar Tractor Plant, since the Russian plant alone could not satisfy the demand for this machine. It was produced in several versions until 1998, when the company went bankrupt.
Frame
All components and assemblies of the machine are mounted on a welded frame. It includes two longitudinal spars of rectangular cross section with transverse bonds.
Engines
Initially, the tractor was equipped with a SMD-14 engine. This is a 75 hp diesel engine. Version 75H was equipped with SMD-18N, which differs from the above-mentioned engine by the presence of turbocharging, which ensured a power increase of 20 liters. from. Modification 75M has an A-41 engine rated at 90 hp. Options 75B and 75K were equipped with a SMD-14NG power unit with a capacity of 80 hp. The current version of the 75DE is equipped with the A-41SI diesel engine.
Transmission
The 7-speed four-way gearbox is located with a rear axle in a single housing. The clutch is permanently closed, double-disc, dry. Version 75K was distinguished by the presence of a reverse gear.
Chassis
The rear axle is equipped with two planetary rotary single-stage mechanisms with belt brakes. The undercarriage itself includes guides and drive wheels, supporting rollers, balancing carriages, two track chains. The marsh version 75B had a special chassis. She expanded the links of the tracks and provided the opportunity to lower the guide wheels to increase the bearing surface and reduce pressure on the ground.
Cabin
The first models had a cabin, unified with the GAZ-51, represented by a two-seater all-metal sealed compartment. On the 75M version they increased the stamping of the ceiling and bent the control levers to the tractor driver. The cab of a special design was distinguished by a modification for working on steep slopes of 75K. She had duplicate governing bodies. Since 1978, they began to install a new sprung cab with plumage. It was shifted to the right of the axis, and a high-capacity fuel tank was installed on the vacant seat.
Kazakhstan modifications
Pavlodar Tractor Plant was founded in 1966, originally with the aim of releasing these tractors. In 1968, he began the production of DT-75 transmission parts. In the same year, the DT-75 Kazakhstan was launched. It was produced in versions 75M, 75ML, 75T, 90P, 75MLK. Further they are considered in more detail.
DT-75M
Production of the DT-75 "Kazakhstan" began with this modification, and a little later its production was completely transferred to the Pavlodar Tractor Plant, where assembly continued until the end of the 80s. This machine is designed for agricultural work.
The considered modification was first equipped with a 7.43-liter A-41I engine with a capacity of 94 hp. Later, a 4.75-liter D-245.552 engine with a power of 95.2 hp was installed on it. The new engine with a slight advantage in performance significantly exceeds the A-41I in terms of efficiency.
The gearbox is the same as the original version, a 7-speed four-way, mounted in a single housing with a rear axle. The clutch also remained the original, represented by a dry single-disk constantly closed clutch. As an option, the DT-75 Kazakhstan tractor was equipped with a reverse gear, which allows you to lower the minimum speed and increase the efficiency of the machine. A power take-off shaft was installed as a standard, and optionally an improved version was offered with a rotation speed increased from 540 to 1000 rpm.
For rotation, two planetary single-stage rear axle mechanisms are used. Braking is carried out by belt-type mechanisms.
The chassis design also remained the original. The width of the track chain is 390 mm.
The cabin, in comparison with the first model, on the DT-75M was shifted to the right, increased its height and equipped with a new plumage.
DT-75ML
Since 1986, the Pavlodar Tractor Plant began production of DT-75ML. It differs from the modification considered above, first of all, by the design of the cabin and the outer lining of the engine compartment. The cabin increased, as a result of which the height increased to 2923 mm, while this characteristic of the DT-75 "Kazakhstan" of the previous version was 2304 mm. The new cab has a frame structure and is fixed on the base with six shock absorbers. Changed the dashboard, controls and cab equipment.
In the early 90's. DT-75ML was divided into industrial (DT-90P) and agricultural (DT-75T) modifications.
DT-75T and DT-90P
These models were similar in running gear and transmission with the above modification DT-75 "Kazakhstan". The technical characteristics differed: these versions are equipped with a D-440-21 engine with a turbocharger capacity of 95 hp. The rest of the design is the same as that of the previous car. In addition, technically, these modifications are completely identical to each other.
DT-75MLK
This car was distinguished, first of all, by a wheelbase instead of a caterpillar. In addition, it was equipped with an engine of 170 hp. and a torque converter. Due to this, it was easily transformed into the DT-75 "Kazakhstan" bulldozer. The production of this model was launched in the early 90's.
Conclusion
In 1998, the activities of the Pavlodar Tractor Plant ceased due to bankruptcy, and the production of successors of these machines continues at the Vladimir Plant.