From history it is known that the weapon of mass destruction of mankind was the most demanded in all wars. So it was in the last century. Over time, during the wars, the main achievement was not the inhabitants and territories, but the economies of the countries. That is why in the present century, the electromagnetic bomb is of great value.
In modern wars, most operations are performed by robotic systems: drones, self-propelled automated installations, etc. With the help of such technologies it is possible to carry out reconnaissance, subversive and defense operations without loss of personnel.
Such weapon modernization gives the enemy a number of problems, because it takes time to calculate the location of the enemy. The invention of fundamentally new technologies allows to neutralize electronic and robotic equipment at a long distance.
The principle of the electromagnetic bomb is based on the basis of nuclear weapons. The striking factor is the electromagnetic pulse, which in a short period disables all equipment in the district.
The charge radiation is directed, and the propagation speed is 40 thousand times higher than the speed of flight of the ballistic missile head.
An important feature is the launch: due to the fact that the radiation cannot be distorted, the bomb should be activated only from open positions. This feature creates many problems in the fight against the enemy, because camouflaging weapons in an open area is not an easy task.
The first inventions and the possibility of their application in the modern world
The main requirement for the design of a modern bomb is to ensure the formation of a spherical shock wave during an explosion. A good example is a nuclear charge, the design of which consisted of a plutonium ball and 32 charges of various shapes (12 pentahedral and 20 hexahedral). The difficulty in achieving the necessary parameters caused a gap in the time of detonation and scatter. This discrepancy was a millionth of a second. To compensate for the time and start, an electronic device weighing about 200 kg was used.
One of the first devices known to mankind that powered a warhead was the Sakharov generator. The design of the latter consists of a ring and a copper coil. Without such a generator, it is impossible to launch an electromagnetic bomb. The principle of operation of Sakharov’s invention is as follows: detonators detonating synchronously initiate detonation, which is directed toward the axis. At the same time, a capacitor is discharged and a magnetic field is formed in the inner part of the coil. Due to excess pressure, the shock wave closed the formed field inside the device.
Since the action time is limited, a current was generated inside the generator, which stopped the process of energy emission. This reason led to the unsuitability of using Sakharov’s invention for the emission of electromagnetic energy. Despite this fact, the device can be used for peaceful purposes - to generate pulsed currents.
The task and principle of operation of a modern weapon from the point of view of science
From the descriptions of the studies, it can be understood that when a new generation of weapons is launched, a powerful shock wave appears, which has a high frequency and huge power. When an electromagnetic bomb explodes, the consequences will be as follows: microprocessor technology (small household, computer, etc.) will cease to function or will stop working for a while. The same goes for power lines, television and radio stations. Aviation will also not be able to function under the influence of rays.
The health of living creatures is at risk: if there are various cardiac stimulants or metal implants in the body, the chances of surviving after a wave are reduced.
The components of the bomb are:
- The resonator is cylindrical in shape. The material of manufacture must have high electrical conductivity.
- The detonator that drives the device.
- Explosive substance.
When detonating, the cavity is compressed. At the same time, the cylinder diameter decreases several times. The electromagnetic field, due to the inability to expand, acquires a higher oscillation frequency. After a few seconds, an explosion occurs and the waves hit the desired area.
Increase in power and area of ​​destruction with modern technologies
In order to increase the damaging effect that the electromagnetic bomb brings, it is necessary to increase the power acting on the target.
This effect is achieved in a few steps:
- First of all, the radiation duration and the highest power are maximized. For this, a more powerful generator is used, which provides the conversion of the explosion energy into electromagnetic energy with greater efficiency.
- In order to deliver a strong blow to the enemy, it is necessary to ensure complete absorption of waves by objects (that is, to deliver as many “weapons” to the enemy as possible). For such purposes, antennas are used. Also, an effective means is the proximity of the bomb to the target.
The area of ​​damage depends on how the electromagnetic bomb is arranged. For example, microwave ovens are designed for small areas. The latter are used to destroy valuable information in the enemy’s virtual libraries. Microwave bombs work on two principles:
- With a frequency sweep. The variety of frequencies generated allows you to "get" into almost any necessary channel with information.
- With the polarization of weapons radiation. In the case of using linear emission, the introduction of the base loses half the efficiency. If we are talking about circular polarization, there are completely new and full-fledged opportunities for hitting an object.
Ways and methods of defense against the effects of new generation weapons
Specialists have developed ways to protect systems from the effects of destructive weapons:
- Over the network. Since the principle of the electromagnetic bomb is based on destructive radiation of energy, protection devices are installed on the power supply network of the servers, feeder shields. To control the connection of unauthorized devices, analyzers are used. To prevent the introduction, they also restrict access to various elements (for example, power panels).
- On the drive lines. Protection devices are used to protect the supply lines . Before installing drive devices, the minimum degree of protection against pulses is checked. To prevent intrusion, restrict access to equipment. Do not place devices on the outside of objects.
- On the air. The main "enemy" of the modern world and technology is the electromagnetic bomb. The principle of operation and shielding protection are recognized as very effective. The basic principles of such actions are: the installation of multilateral protection against destructive frequencies, the use of fiber optic communication channels, the elimination of spurious communication equipment.
Development of the domestic defense industry
The Russian Ranets-E complex received worldwide attention more than 15 years ago. The installation was performed on the MAZ-543 chassis. The total mass is 5 tons. The targets for destruction are both ground and aircraft (including guided ammunition). Range of defeat - up to 14 km.
Among small-sized jammers, the most reliable are the RP-377. Such devices can eliminate GPS signals. Thanks to the compact invention, it becomes possible to inflict significant harm to enemy technology, despite the fact that the range of destruction is much smaller than that of an electromagnetic bomb. Russia has developed RP-377 with the following parameters:
- Weight - 50 kg (excluding battery).
- Supply voltage - from 23 to 29.7 V.
- Output power - 130 watts.
- The jamming range (frequency) is from 20 to 1000 MHz.
- The total current consumption is 25 A.
- Operating temperature range - from -40 to +50 .
Some unclassified inventions of air defense and missile defense are Sniper-M, I-140/64, and Gigawatt. Such devices are based on car trailers. Their purpose is to protect systems (digital, radio-electronic) for various purposes: military, civil, special.
Suppression of enemy equipment by the new complex
In modern wars, the main value is the economy of the enemy country. Therefore, the military does not develop weapons of mass destruction, but "humane" ones. The latter is a device that does not harm life, but only blocks some of its aspects. Despite the “humanity”, there is an opinion that the Alabuga electromagnetic weapon is worse than the atomic bomb. Such a system, like most others, operates on a pulse generator. The main task is to defeat the technology of enemy troops.
The generator starts at an altitude of more than 200 meters, the radius of destruction is about 3.5 kilometers. Based on these parameters, it becomes clear that a new generation of missiles is enough to neutralize a large army unit.
Specialists encountered some problems in the design: due to the sufficiently large dimensions and weight, powerful rockets must be used to deliver the structure. Since the parameters of the delivery vehicle increase significantly, it is easier to detect weapons by means of enemy defense.
Key Features of the Alabuga System
Despite its promise, the system still has both advantages and disadvantages. An electromagnetic bomb in a short period incapacitates various military equipment and communications of the enemy. The disadvantages include: large size and weight of the structure, lack of electromagnetic pulse power. After all, if the enemy equips the right defense, the damage from radiation will be significantly reduced.
Myths appeared in discussions of the invention: there is an opinion that it is possible to hide from Alabuga radiation only under a 100-meter thick earth. The second common statement is the detonation of shells by the force of an impulse. Experts have denied such facts, because in order to destroy shells it is necessary to heat the latter to critical temperatures, but to carry out such an action, the force emitted by the electromagnetic bomb is not enough. Russia continues to work on shortcomings.
Disadvantages of the predecessor "Alabuga"
As you know, "Alabuga" is not the name of a specific device, but only the project code. When designing and optimizing the latter, the disadvantages of the previous invention, which is called the "Satchel-E", are taken into account.
Imperfection of domestic weapons is manifested in two directions:
- Quenching of radiation by barriers. This means that cruise missiles prove effectiveness only in open areas.
- A large period of time between shots. An electromagnetic bomb starts every 20 minutes. Such a break deprives the protection system for a long period. To compensate for such a drawback is only possible by increasing the number of combat installations, which is economically disadvantageous and inconvenient.
Despite the existing shortcomings, the system worked together with primitive means of detecting and controlling air defense forces (command centers and radar). This interaction made it possible to detect enemy systems and neutralize them in time.
Development on the neighboring continent
A few years ago, on the Internet, information appeared about the experimental use of new generation weapons in the States. US electromagnetic bombs have been tested successfully. Local ammunition proved to be effective: under the influence of a shell, all the electronics failed.
It is possible to strike several times in a row (for example, if you install the device on board a rocket, a drone, etc.). Tests have proven the effectiveness of the application: in one flight, 7 targets were displayed, which were placed sequentially.
Experiments have shown that missiles can be used on board fighters and bombers.
In addition, the States requested the creation of electromagnetic shells. According to the requirements, they must ensure the destruction of modern communications, while not affecting the person. Experts indicate the purpose of the facility: they will be used to neutralize civilian, not military, goals.
Based on the development of the defense industry of states, the question of whose electromagnetic bomb is cooler: the USA or Russia, remains unanswered.
Unique weapons: for whom modern ammunition is designed
The Russian Federation is currently the only country in service with which there are electromagnetic combat complexes.
According to the defense industry, the power of the bomb may vary depending on the parameters of the object and its degree of protection. Weapons invented in the last century (anti-aircraft missiles, grenade launcher charges, etc.) have little efficiency compared to the latest technology, which is designed to defeat large areas.
A few years ago, electromagnetic bombs were created in Russia. To date, it is known that design developments have been transferred to the test stage. In addition to large shells designed for mass destruction of enemy equipment, small shells, missiles, etc. are also being modernized and invented.
In addition to the Russian Federation, active development and research is carried out in the territories of the United States and China.