A lot has been said about what the global Internet network is. This is not surprising, given the fact that currently a huge number of electronic devices provide the ability to connect to it. These are not only computers, but also ATMs, smart home systems, communication devices, and even televisions. In general, listing the whole list is fundamentally impossible. In fact, if telephone networks allow people to communicate, then the global computer network Internet makes it possible to exchange information with electronic devices.
It is necessary to distinguish between local networks consisting of several computers in a relatively small territory and the Internet, covering the whole world.
The history of the Internet began back in the nineteen fifty-seventh year, when the US Department of Defense, concerned about the problem of communication in a war with a possible adversary, suggested that four leading universities in the country develop a network for the exchange of digital data between electronic computing devices. The result of their activities was the ARPANET network, which appeared in September 1969 and connected these universities.
On October 29 of the same year, the first computer attempt was made between nodes in California and Stanford (six hundred and forty kilometers). At 22:30 a stable connection was established, and this is what is considered the time of the birth of the Internet (although, in fact, it was still the ARPANET network).
Then various e-mail exchange programs begin to appear and be actively used. Then the concept of "mailing list" first appeared. Although ARPANET was the largest, in parallel with it there were computer networks, the work of which was carried out on the basis of other technical and software solutions. It was obvious that a certain standard was needed that would allow them to interact with each other. So, since January 1983, ARPANET switched to using the TCP / IP protocol (instead of NCP). It is believed that from that moment on, the global Internet network began its victorious march through the Earth.
In 1984, the Domain Name System (DNS) was introduced , which is still in use. In the same year, another large network appeared - NSFNet (American Science Foundation). Its peculiarity is that it consisted of several small networks, therefore it was more flexible in scaling than ARPANET. So, in just a year, the number of connected machines exceeded 10 thousand, which is quite a lot at that time. After that, the term "global Internet" began to be used specifically for NSFNet.
In 1988, the IRC real-time protocol appeared, providing the ability to organize chats.
A year later, the HTML language and the corresponding protocol appeared, serving as the beginning of the creation of the World Wide Web.
In 1990, ARPANET disappeared, finally losing to NSFNet. From the year one thousand nine hundred and ninety-one, all the data of the World Wide Web became available via the Internet. And after the creation of the Mosaic browser in 1993, the global Internet has become more and more popular every year.
The general principles of technical implementation are as follows: a certain provider company provides end users (computers) with access to information. All computers are connected to the servers of this company, and from there - to the requested addresses in the global network. Moreover, the address itself can be either directly a host server (on which the resource is located), or a destination computer. In other words, there is a branch system similar to blood vessels or even the neural connections of the brain.
Now the development of the Internet is aimed at increasing the bandwidth of the channels, introducing the IP protocol of the next version and optimizing the existing principles of work.