In order for the work in the RPD to be safe and the combat mission to be successfully completed, each member of the unit needs to know and comply with certain safety requirements when working, checking and connecting systems.
Maintenance and inspection procedures for RPMD 1 and 2, as well as other work, are carried out in accordance with the standards and terms, as well as special documentation.
The results of the implementation of the relevant work are recorded in special logs.
Basic concepts of RPD operation
RPM is a device that is designed to protect the senses (respiration and vision) of a person in special conditions.
Insulating protective equipment not only protects the respiratory system from the effects of harmful substances, but also provides the protector with air suitable for breathing (for example, a device with compressed air, an oxygen insulating gas mask, etc.).
Each remedy has an individual protective action time.
Basic requirements for firefighters RPE
- Long protection time (at least 60 minutes).
- A wide range of operating temperatures (from -40 to 60 ° C), and for the northern regions from -50 to 60 ° C.
- An oxygen isolating gas mask must protect human organs for at least 6 hours.
- The gas mask should work in the temperature range from -40 to 60 ° C.
Breathing apparatus is divided into general and special purpose devices depending on climatic performance . The procedure for verification of 1 RPD is individual for each type of protective equipment.
Putting on, removing and storage rules RPE
Putting on and removing protective equipment is carried out only after the command is given by the senior staff. When working with a gas mask it is required:
- Remove the helmet and hold it in a comfortable position.
- Start the pulmonary machine (for this, take a few breaths from the protective equipment system).
- Release air from under the mask.
- Wear a safety helmet.
When working with a breathing apparatus:
- Take off the helmet and hold it between the knees.
- Wear a face shield.
- Put on the bag with the rescue device.
- Put on the helmet.
Important! It is forbidden to turn on the devices without observing the procedure for checking 1 RPD. The preparatory and executive teams of the senior in the service are: “Link GZDS, in gas masks (apparatuses) INCLUDE”.
Types and purpose of checks
The main checks of protective equipment include:
1. Working. This type of service is carried out to check the health of certain parts of the device and the correctness of its operation. It is carried out directly by the owner of the PPE under the supervision of a senior in service. Check is made before each inclusion in the RPD. When conducting such a check, it is necessary:
- conduct a visual inspection of the front for any damage to the elements;
- test the airway system for leaks, good condition of the pulmonary apparatus and the pressure value at which the signal device is triggered;
- Lastly, the air pressure in the cylinder is checked by measuring instruments.
2. The procedure for the verification of RPD 1 includes:
- testing the health of the front;
- Inspection of the apparatus for any malfunctions
- pressure measurement in the submask space;
- leak test of pressure lines, air duct system;
- inspection of the gearbox.
3. Check No. 2 - the type of maintenance that is carried out during the operation of the RPD, as well as at least once a month, if during this time the RPD has not been used.
4. Inspection No. 3 - type of maintenance carried out on time, in full and with a given frequency, but at least once a year. Check are subject to all those in operation and in reserve of the RPD, as well as requiring complete disinfection of all components and parts.
The tightness of the pressure lines is examined in accordance with the procedure for conducting inspection 1 of the SCAD RPM.
Inspection No. 2 is carried out after inspection No. 3, disinfection, replacement of regenerative cartridges and cylinders, securing the product with a gas defender. Such a check should be carried out at least once a month, and also after each use.
The tightness of the air duct system is checked in stages:
- first, the fitting of the rescue device is connected to the adapter;
- then the main breathing machine turns off;
- then the cylinder valve opens and the air duct system of the apparatus is filled;
- after closing the valve, the system is maintained for another 1 minute;
- if the pressure does not exceed 1 MPa, the system is operational.
Important! If a fault is detected, any protective equipment is removed from the combat crew and sent to the base of the GDDS for repair. A replacement device is issued for replacement.
Rules for storing RPD on posts and cars
After inspection 1 of the RPD, the order of which is established by law, protective equipment is placed in special storage places. Serviceable and faulty devices must be stored in special cabinets or cells in the correct position. Each place is equipped with a plate indicating the inventory number and information about the owner.
Each device that is in storage at the post of the gas and liquid filling station must be clean and suitable for use.
When checking, you should pay attention to the expiration date of individual parts of the device (for example, regenerative cartridges, oxygen cylinders).
When transporting the RPD to the check or repair point, special boxes with cells are used.
DASW operational check
Immediately prior to each inclusion in the breathing apparatus by a gas defender, a check of 1 RPD is performed.
The procedure for conducting DASW is to go through the following steps:
- Carrying out an external inspection of the mask, the reliability of connecting a pulmonary machine.
- Next, test the tightness of the air duct system. At the same time, a mask is tightly applied to the face and a small breath is taken. The system is considered to be working if there is a lot of resistance when inhaling.
- After the above operations, the health of the pulmonary machine, exit valve, and pressure values is checked.
- The final stage is a report to the flight commander.
Security Verification Using Settings
With the help of installations, for example KU 9V, it is possible to carry out check 1 of the RPD “Omega”. The procedure is divided into several points:
- Checking the operability of the mask and apparatus by inspection.
- Testing the operation of the pulmonary machine, the values of the actuation of the exhalation valve, excess pressure in the space under the mask. To do this, turn off the machine, open the valve, lightly move the lever to the inoperative position. Then operate the pump smoothly until the pressure rises. After that, move the lever to the working position and observe the readings of the manovacuum meter. When the pressure stops increasing, the exhalation valve opens. Normal indicators are: overpressure in the space under the mask from 200 to 400 Pa, valve actuation value of 600 Pa.
- At the end of testing, pressure readings are recorded and the tightness of the apparatus systems is checked. To do this, the installation hose is connected, the cylinder valve opens. Next, you should take readings from the high pressure gauge in the cylinder (0.45-0.9 MPa is considered the norm).
- To test the device for additional air supply and the moment of operation of the alarm device include additional air supply. It is considered serviceable if there is a characteristic sound of air bleeding and a special sound signal.
- To check the air pressure, open the cylinder valve and record the pressure gauge. Normal working pressure is considered to be 25.3 MPa (for DASW - 260 kgf / cm 2 ).
Operating parameters of the RPH "Profi"
This breathing apparatus has the following performance characteristics:
- protective action under normal conditions - 60 minutes, in emergency - up to 40 minutes;
- curb weight - 16 kg, with rescue device - 17 kg;
- working pressure in the cylinder - 10 atm;
- output breathing resistance - 350 MPa;
- operating time when the alarm device is triggered - at least 10 minutes;
- average life is 10 years.
The procedure for verification 1 of the RPH "Profi-M" is similar to the above.
Regulatory documentation for the verification of RPE
Each subdivision of the DGDS is obliged to check 1 RPD. The procedure, order No. 3 of January 9, 2013, which was developed and signed by the Ministry of Civil Defense, is carried out by all services in the country.
The personnel of the service must know and comply with these rules and orders, carefully monitor the state of personal protective equipment.
The provisions of the orders apply to the personnel of the centers for civil defense, emergency situations and natural disaster response, specially authorized bodies (Ministry of Emergencies and their units).
Responsibility for the condition of devices, apparatus and training of personnel lies with the senior in rank in the unit.