Ulyanovsk Motor Plant, or UMP, is known for producing engines for commercial vehicles. Let's briefly go over the history of this enterprise. The history of this plant is safely kept in the memory of many of those who have devoted their lives to the production of engines.
How did it all start?
It all began in the fall of 1941. It was then that Ulyanovsk moved part of the production of the Moscow Automobile Plant named after Stalin. In early November, entire trains loaded with equipment and important personnel began to arrive in the city actively. The workshops were set up in the shortest possible time, and the plant’s products were mainly aimed at creating equipment for working on the fronts. In April 1942, the first combat vehicle was assembled and delivered within the walls of the workshops. Also, imported cars were assembled at the factory. Then, in the autumn of 1942, the first water-cooled engines began to be produced at the plant. They were used during the war as generators. After that, the plant completely switched from the assembly of cars and military equipment to the production of such small engines.
On July 31, 1968, by orders of the Ministry of the USSR, the plant was renamed UMP. The company began work on the development of engine production for cars. Then, in November 1992, the plant was transformed into a joint-stock company, which manufactured engines for GAZ cars. Five years later, the plant successfully engaged in the production of engines for GAZelle.
Since 2005, the engine on the Gazelle is the main production of the plant. And after the introduction of innovations, each car runs on a motor from UMP.
Current trends
Today, the Ulyanovsk Motor Plant is engaged in the fact that it is gradually reducing the cost of its engines, and is also actively engaged in improving the quality of internal combustion engines. Due to the fact that the company has redesigned many technological processes, appropriate decisions were made on the introduction of new principles for the manufacture of units. So, these principles and a new strategy have led to the fact that since 2009, product prices have decreased, and the quality of motors has increased slightly. Now, thanks to an audit with the participation of European independent experts, the plant's products are of truly high quality and meet international standards.
On the road to excellence
The main emphasis at the plant is on the supply of engines that are maximally adapted for the Gazelle and Sobol, as well as for other cars based on these cars. UMP manufactures motors that meet all the necessary Euro-3 standards. The main task for the plant’s employees today is the even higher quality that the engine installed on the Gazelle may possess.
To improve the quality of products at the plant, following consultations with third-party specialists and GAZ employees, measures were taken to increase product quality. During this program, the plant replaced suppliers of some components and spare parts, introduced quality control at each stage of production, and reduced the level of defectiveness of specific components and products as a whole. The cooperation between GAZ and the engine plant has significantly increased the products used at Gazelles. Significant changes are constantly being made to the design of motors, which are designed to make the engine work flawlessly.
In factories, there is a section called the laboratory where the engines are tested. Here, motors undergo a quality assessment according to these international standards. From the entire batch of products, employees select one UMP engine, and then install the motor on a test bench. Oil and coolants are diluted with additives, and then the engine is twisted in any way in the most severe conditions. Further, after such tests, it is exposed to ultraviolet light, in which all the discharge is visible. Then, an ICE is opened, during which the situation with the quality of the surfaces of parts or assemblies becomes clear. Troubleshooting is carried out, and then the elimination of defects.
Gazelle Business
Work on the creation of this car started in 2008. Engineers and marketers did a great job, a lot of research was carried out, during which they identified future consumers, a list of spare parts. About 150 different changes were made to the design of the base model. The main components and critical components in the new machine are production details of foreign enterprises. Gazelle Business has passed all the tests.
Outwardly, in comparison with the basic version, the Business model has not changed much. But inside and in the cabin a lot has changed.
Outside, it is distinguished by another shock element with a radiator grill. The bumper is mounted on the cab. In previous versions, it was mounted on a frame. This has significantly reduced the gap between the cab and the bumper. The design of the taillights has changed slightly. Exterior changes include a new logo.
As for the internal content, everything is new here. This is a German-made dashboard, a new steering wheel equipped with multimedia control buttons. Everything is very modern, stylish. Cabin trim is made in silver color. Gazelle Business is also equipped with climate control and a new on-board computer. We can say that the interior has changed completely.
Before creating this version, the engineers of the plant conducted a survey and found out everything that did not suit the owners of the Gazelles before. It is safe to say that everyone was heard, and many of the shortcomings were completely corrected.
The clutch pedal has been completely redesigned, and all gears are now engaged very easily and naturally. The car starts off better and smoother, and the gearbox is not accompanied by vibration or noise. This is thanks to imported German nodes in this checkpoint.
About the motor
Under the hood, the “Gazelle-Business" has an UMP 4216 engine. At that time, it was not yet familiar to motorists. In short, it is a 123-horsepower engine adapted for Euro-3. This engine (UMP 4216) was not sluggish. The unit itself is completely spared from all past problems with the engine at the Gazelle. Also, this ICE is suitable for installing HBO.
Specifications
The UMZ 4216 engine is a 4-stroke gasoline unit with an electronic ignition control unit and an injection system. The cylinders have a size of 100 mm. The piston stroke in the piston system is 92 mm. Engine displacement - 2,89 l. The maximum engine speed is 4500 rpm. The cooling system is completely liquid, with forced circulation. Combined lubrication system, spray oil under pressure.
The UMZ 4216 engine is designed for installation in vehicles with a catalytic, three-component converter in the exhaust system, as well as for vehicles with the Euro-3 toxicity class. The engine is equipped with an injection system, numerous sensors for monitoring the operation of the fuel system and ignition.
Housing Details
The cylinder block is made by casting from an alloy based on aluminum together with cast iron sleeves. The diameter of the sleeves is 100 mm. So that they can be cooled more efficiently, the developers have provided special channels in the jumpers for unhindered passage of the refrigerant.
The cylinder head is also made of aluminum alloys with inserted seats and valve guides. An asbestos gasket is mounted between the cylinder block and the head to seal the connection.
Crank part
Crankshaft - five-bearing, made of special cast iron alloy. Its necks are prudently provided with cavities for oil purification. The front end of the crankshaft has a seal. The main support from him takes on the front support.
The UMZ 4216 engine is equipped with liners of bearings made of steel tape, filled with an antifriction alloy.
The flywheel is made of cast iron and the ring gear is steel. The crankshaft was balanced at the factory with clutch and flywheel. Forged connecting rods made of steel. For lubrication, a hole is provided in the upper head of the connecting rod, which, in turn, coincides with the bore of the sleeve. Piston rings are installed in three in each piston. They are made of special cast iron alloy.
Gas distribution mechanism
The UMZ 4216 engine is equipped with valves for the intake and exhaust system on the cylinder head. The valve actuator operates from a camshaft using pushers, rods, and rocker arms.
Cooling and ignition
It is presented in the form of a familiar pump, thermostat, cooling jackets, radiator, expansion tank, pipes. In general, the system familiar to motorists.
The UMZ 4216 engine is equipped with a non-contact ignition system with low-voltage impulses. Two-pin ignition coils in the amount of two pieces. Candles German or Czech.
Also on the engine are numerous sensors of the electronic control unit, which monitor many vital parameters of the car. The motor is equipped with mounted electrical equipment, an improved power system.
UMP 4216: reviews, problems, repair
Numerous polls were conducted about the UMZ 4216 engine. The reviews were rather mixed. All opinions can be divided in half - there are both negative and positive. For some car owners, this motor works reliably, for others it has constant problems and permanent repair of the UMP31616 engine.
Basically, problems are associated with increased oil consumption, the same increased fuel consumption, the engine itself is quite problematic. Motorists are faced with incorrect temperature sensor readings, vibrations at high speeds, poor traction. For others, this motor evokes only the best feelings, because it works like a clock, and with regular maintenance it is completely trouble-free.
For those who have decided to buy the UMZ 4216 engine
The price of Euro-3 engines now averages about 100,000 rubles. Also, this motor is great for working with gas systems, which is a plus for him.
However, studies have been conducted aimed at assessing the quality and resource of this motor. For two years, plant employees and a private trucker monitored the operation of 5 cars on this engine. Cars covered more than 100,000 km. The experiment showed that with regular maintenance, a truck without overhaul can depart even more than 100 thousand. Of course, the engines are not without problems, during the experiment they were regularly opened and looked at the main components.
Experts, a private trucker, and factory employees are confident that with regular maintenance, cars with this engine can cover 300,000 km. Most of the problems and causes of failure of these engines are associated with low-quality fuel. But in general, with proper operation and timely maintenance, this motor is a completely working unit.