Palm trees are part of an extensive family of three and a half thousand species. But there are fewer home varieties, since not all representatives of the tropical climate can adapt to indoor growth, and many of them, due to their growth, are not suitable for indoor cultivation. What types of home palm trees exist, read the article.
Types of palm trees
These plants differ from most other leaves in their arrangement. At the palm trees they are at the very top. But in some species they grow from the root. It is the leaves that give the plant a decorative look, their shape differs in different species. To understand which palm trees to grow in your apartment, you should get acquainted with information about them. So, indoor palm trees according to the shape of the leaves and trunk features are divided into the following types:
- Reed.
- Bamboo
- Cirrus.
- Fan-shaped.
- Saga.
Bamboo palm trees
This species is popular among gardeners, as the culture is growing rapidly and unpretentious in care, and most importantly, has a spectacular appearance. Such a plant will decorate any room: a room in an apartment, an office, an office in an office building. The leaves of a palm tree and a bamboo tree are very similar, hence the name.
- Weddel Coconut - This palm is grown indoors. But in order to achieve a spectacular appearance, it is important to provide such conditions under which the plant will comfortably grow and develop. The main conditions for normal growth are good illumination, high temperature and humidity.
Reed palms
This species is distinguished by trunks. Plants look like shrubs, not trees. Their stems are smooth, thin, green, high, resembling reeds, therefore palm trees have such a name. Some are presented below.
Rapis
There are many names of domestic palm trees and species (see photo below) in nature. In home floriculture, the variety native to Asian countries, Rapis, is considered popular. This palm tree tolerates drought, does not impose special requirements for care. But if he lacks lighting, he is naughty and begins to lose his decorative effect. At home, the following varieties are grown:
- Rapis is high - it grows slowly, several plants can be planted in one pot so that the crown is more voluminous. He does not like the scorching rays of the sun.
- The rapeseed is multi-notched - the palm got this name due to the shape of the leaves: they have long “fingers”.
Variegated palm trees are grown as a pot culture. Their leaves have longitudinal stripes of white or other light shade on their surface.
Hamedorea
Is a type of home palm, a plant native to Mexico. In the wild, it can be found in a humid forest. Here the trees are not afraid of cold winds and the scorching sun. But, growing in the apartment, the palm tree adapts to the dry air of the room. This species grows slowly, in one stalk. The leaves are pinnate, drooping. Several copies are planted in the pot.
Despite home growth, the palm tree is susceptible to damage by a spider mite. If in summer this type of home flower (palm tree) is taken outside, the plant can be damaged by leaf-eating insects, as well as slugs. At home, many varieties of this palm are grown. They are distinguished by the size of the leaves, form, methods of reproduction, rules of care. But the same for all palm trees of this species is a change in the color of the foliage. They turn brown or brown if the plants are poorly looked after.
Cirrus palms
This species is characterized by narrow, arched curved leaves. In some varieties, they grow straight up, in others they wilt almost to the very surface of the windowsill or table. Crowns are also different. They are hard and soft.
Date fruit
It is a variety of palm tree that is well known to flower growers and the most affordable variety for growing a house. It can be bred from the seed of a fetus that has reached full maturity, only you need to be patient so that the tree grows. But at home it is impossible to wait for the fruits, since the date palm grows rapidly and reaches such a size within a few years that it will be extremely difficult to grow a tree indoors. This tropical plant has a feature: in the process of growth forms several trunks. But there are other types of home palm trees (photo presented for review), which are more compact, and most importantly, are quite well adapted to grow indoors. For example, Robelena - a date from the same genus, does not exceed three meters in height, rarely, but bears fruit.
Ropalostilis
Palm tree with cirrus leaves, which are located in relation to each other tightly. On the reverse side and on the stems there is pubescence. The tree is capricious in moderation. It suffers drought, but it needs protection from direct rays of the sun. The height of the palm tree is three meters. The stems grow away from the center, so the plant needs free space around itself.
Howea
The names and types of home palm trees are different. But more popular among flower growers is Howea. It is easy to recognize by cirrus leaves. This is the main advantage of the Australian beauty. In addition, it grows more slowly and has a vertical arrangement of leaves inside the crown. This is a very hardy plant, can tolerate insufficient lighting, but at the same time its leaves do not dry, do not turn pale. In hot weather, when the air gets too dry, they remain green and dense. Plants are rarely damaged by pests. Due to endurance, the use of this type of palm trees is knowingly predetermined: they are grown for offices and other public buildings.
Karyota
Due to the interesting shape of cirrus, bifurcated leaves, this type of home palm is called the "fish tail". This plant is a native of Asian countries. He loves a lot of sun, fertile soil and good nutrition. But if the room has dry air, the color of the leaves will not be so intense, and the plants will begin to be attacked by pests. In the room, Cariota is better to take root soft with several stems and burning - with one. Young specimens grow slowly, adult plants in height reach one and a half to two meters.
Fan palm trees
They can be distinguished by crowns. They are split into segments that extend from the center. In appearance, the crowns look like a round fan. Palm trees are large in size and spines on petioles. Some representatives of this type of palm tree are presented below in the article.
Washingtonia
This tree belongs to the species of home palm called Washingtonia fan. Two varieties deserve the most attention from gardeners:
- Washingtonia nitenosa - North American palm. Its distinctive feature is a kind of "beard", which is formed by dead leaves in adult trees. When they dry, they do not fly around, they remain on the trunk, sinking down, almost completely hiding it.
- Strong Washingtonia - refers to the Mexican variety. The tree is more compact than its relative from North America.
The disadvantage of this type of home palm is growth. By five or six years of living in the house, she will grow closely, a more spacious room will be required.
Liviston
One type of palm tree at home is a fan palm. This culture grows quickly, undemanding to care, but if the air in the room is too dry, the tips of long, hanging leaves dry out. Florists often grow Chinese Livistona. It grows slowly, when reaching a certain size, the plant is transplanted into large pots, it still develops poorly in the room.
Chamerops
Belongs to a fan variety of palm trees. Does not require special care. Withstands drought for a long time, temperature differences of air and cold, but small. A tree with several trunks (approximately 2-5 pieces) grows up to two meters in height. The leaves have a dense structure, they are thin, have a dark green color, collected in the form of an open fan. If favorable conditions are provided for a palm tree, it blooms with yellow flowers. This palm tree is highly decorative, it is decorated with stylish interiors.
Trachicarpus
This is a fan-shaped variety of palm trees of small size, at home its height reaches 1-1.5 meters. At the very base, the trunk is large, but tapers up. The upper surface of the leaves is juicy green, and the lower one is covered with a bluish tinge. The flowers are yellow and smell pleasant. A palm tree is capable of withstanding a temperature drop to 0 ° C under one condition: the rhizome should be insulated.
Sabal
This is a fan-shaped undersized palm; it does not grow very wide in width. Dark green leaves are attached to the stems with stalks. Can grow one or more trunks. Originally from a subtropical climate, so the plant is not afraid of temperature fluctuations. In addition, it withstands cooling to one degree of frost.
Sago palm
The plant has another name - Tsikas. Place of Origin - India. From the "pot-bellied" trunk grow groups of stems. It adds in height slowly, three centimeters per year. Cirrus leaves do not change color, remain dark green throughout their life. Needs direct sunlight for several hours a day. Prefers moderate watering.
The name of home flowers in the form of a palm tree
The difference between false palms is a change in appearance in the process of growing up. The stems of a young plant are covered with foliage. But in the future, in the lower part of the trunks, they die off, remain at the top, which creates a characteristic view of palm trees. False palm trees have many varieties. Some grow as single plants, others as shrubs. The leaves are much softer, but their color is much more diverse.
The roots of young plants are located in the ground, and adults begin to form airy ones that come from the very base of the leaves. Plants receive additional decoration and support. This is especially true for grown specimens with a large mass of leaves. Different varieties of false palms differ in stems. In some they are erect, in others they are spiral-shaped. Large palm trees adorn public spaces, and small ones decorate the interior of an apartment or house.
Yucca
Place of palm origin - Central America. This is a shrub of small height. Its trunk is quite thick, leaves 50 cm long are located at the very top. They have a pointed shape, along the edges - hairs. Under good growing conditions, it blooms at home. On the stem, growing from the center, there are many white flowers, similar to bells. Needs moderate watering, good lighting and warmth. It does not tolerate cold and very moist soil, immediately dies.
Dracaena
This palm tree comes from the tropics. It is characterized by thin leaves located on the trunk in its upper part. Some varieties have a red border around the edges. In leaving, the palm is unpretentious, resistant to drought, but does not like drafts and direct rays of the sun.
Pandanus
This false palm is called helical. In the wild, there are 600 species of this plant, but only a few are grown as a pot culture:
- Veitch pandanus - the trunk of this palm is shortened, stilted roots serve as props. The leaves are twisted along the shoot in a spiral. They are leathery and long, up to 60-90 cm. The height of the plant is one and a half meters.
- Useful pandanus - this plant is considered large among other indoor plants, its height reaches two to three meters. The leaves are bright green, with spikes along the edges of a reddish hue, have a helical arrangement. The length of the sheet plates is one and a half meters.
- Sander pandanus - leaves grow up to 80 cm in length, have a dark green color, thin stripes of a yellowish tint pass over the entire surface, small spikes are located on the edges.
- Baptista Pandanus is a rather powerful plant, its height is two meters. Leaves - as in the previous variety, only there are no thorns on the edges.