According to K. Pigarev (literary critic, grandson of F.I. Tyutchev), the author of brilliant lines about Russia, which cannot be measured by common arshin, is perceived by people, primarily as a unique singer of nature. During the years of Soviet power, the work of this poet was not given due attention because of his social position, only Tyutchevâs landscape lyrics were mentioned in passing.
Nowadays, his poetry is recognized as the most precious asset of Russian classical literature, and the author of brilliant lines deservedly becomes especially quoted. But all the same, the poetic work of this famous wit and subtle thinker remains not fully understood and appreciated.
Unique treasure
Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev (1803-1873) - academician and diplomat, adherent of traditional values ââand order, which he defended in his journalistic activities, was a subtle lyricist who wholeheartedly love Russian nature. This amazing poet has amazing political poems, such as, for example, "Modern", but man and nature in the lyrics of Tyutchev attract special attention from fans of the poetâs work and critics. The author himself did not attach much importance to his poetic work, but it, consisting of more than 400 poems, always attracted smart and talented literary scholars, such as Yuri Nikolaevich Tynyanov. He, like I. Aksakov, appreciated the poetâs legacy. But Fet, paying tribute to the importance of the poetâs work, wrote these words on the book of Tyutchevâs poems: âThis book is small, volumes are much harder.â
Fine and informative
Tyutchev's landscape lyrics of all periods of creativity reflect the feelings of the great poet, evoked by Russian nature, which he loved wholeheartedly. She always tuned him in a special joyful way, delighted and reassured. F. I. Tyutchev never described dirt and shortcomings, did not call Russia "unwashed" - he was not peculiar to this.
Despondency inspired by nature is not even mentioned in his poems. And some, according to Y. Tynyanov, âfragmentsâ (or âcompressed odesâ - as the literary critic called the Tyutchev verses because of their maximum saturation and tension) sound like a joyful triumphant hymn - for example, the well-known poem âSpring Thunderâ.
Priority of nature
Both man and nature in Tyutchevâs lyrics are interpreted in a special way. The poet endows nature with human feelings and characteristics. He claims that man himself can only be happy in merging with nature.
And if he is not at odds with her, then he is deeply unhappy, but there is no guilt of nature in this. This homo sapiens, having absorbed the evil of chaos, lives an unnatural life, being unable to understand and let into the heart the blessed world of nature.
The splendor and versatility of the world
Man and nature in the lyrics of Tyutchev are subject to passions and storms, in which the poet tries to understand, comprehend them. In his work, Tyutchev is both an artist and a composer - his poetry is so picturesque and musical. Having become acquainted with Tyutchev's poetry, it is impossible to forget it. According to I. Turgenev, only someone who is not familiar with his work does not think about Tyutchev. The poet, admiring nature, always finds something unknown in it that promises interesting discoveries and only positive emotions. And the ordinary and the mundane are not capable of carrying any joy in themselves.
Unique and self-sufficient
Fyodor Ivanovich was absolutely right, considering that the source of all the troubles was precisely man - a weak, disharmonious creature, unable to cope with his passions and vices, bringing destruction to nature. Whereas she all lives only according to the universal law of triumphant life.
Tyutchevâs landscape lyrics celebrate the self-sufficiency and majestic tranquility of nature, devoid of tearing passions. There are elements, but these are phenomena caused by the life of nature, and not by its malicious intent. And Tyutchev did not sing the tsunami and the eruption of volcanoes - he was a patriot in the highest sense of the word and loved the Russian nature. Some researchers believe that the term "landscape lyrics" Tyutchev more consistent phrase "landscape-philosophical."
Poems about love
A certain place in the legacy is occupied by the lyrics of Tyutchev. Poems about his love, so to speak, are highly moral. An aristocrat of the spirit, he did not like to flaunt his inner world, considering it a shame. But his lines, known to absolutely everyone - âI met you, and everything that was old in an outdated heart came to life ...â - testify to the ability to write about love in simple words, behind which there is a great feeling. F. I. Tyutchev glorifies the feeling that lights the stars, sublime and beautiful. In modern cynics, it may cause rejection - just look at the âreviewsâ. But such statements only confirm what the poet wrote about - man is the bearer of evil on earth.
Many-sided and dynamic
The main motives of Tyutchevâs lyrics are devoid of far-fetchedness. A man with all his diversity of feelings, nature, unsolved, mysterious, but perfect and beautiful, love for a woman and his homeland - everything is filled with drama, but taken from real life. The poet does not get tired of admiring the world, nothing bores him, nothing tires him. He is trying to sing the changing and many-sided nature in all its manifestations, to capture the moment of transition of one picture to another.
Nature
Above, we noted the features of the image of nature in the lyrics of Tyutchev. This is the identity of the human soul, its feelings and emotions to the phenomena of the external world, and the animation of nature. F. I. Tyutchev constantly draws parallels between different periods of human life, the state of his soul and natural phenomena. This is one of his main artistic techniques.
The revitalization of nature is emphasized by such words, for example, as "the spirit fell asleep." The poet himself calls nature not a cast and soulless face, but something that is capable of breathing freely, loving and telling about all this to a caring, sensitive person.
One whole
The theme of nature in the lyrics of Tyutchev is the main and leading. He finds for description her amazing, soul-taking words, for example, "the divine bashfulness of suffering." So the poet speaks of autumn, of the quiet withering of nature. And how does he describe the sunbeam that "grabbed the blanket", or what his words about the evening are worth - "the movement was exhausted, the work fell asleep ...". Few people can find such words.
From all that has been said, it can be concluded that man and nature in Tyutchevâs lyrics are connected by an invisible thread into a single whole. And, despite the fact that sometimes a person tries to break away from the integrity of the world and the divine principle, he will certainly realize that he can be truly happy and calm only by becoming one with his mother nature. Some researchers noted the cosmic nature of Tyutchev's poetry. S. L. Frank wrote about it, saying that the poetâs poems reflected the ideas of Russian cosmism. Indeed, the poet has enough references to the cosmos, for example, "... and we are swimming, a blazing abyss is surrounded on all sides ...".