The truck manufactured by the Ural Automobile Plant has a universal purpose. It is designed both for transporting people and for transporting goods. TTX "Ural-4320" allow you to overcome impassable places at full workload. This factor contributed to the widespread use of the machine in the army and in regions with difficult climatic conditions. The first model of the vehicle in question was released in 1977. In fact, the car is an improved copy of the Ural-375 car, which was produced for military purposes.
Exterior
According to the TTX "Ural-4320", it is equipped with a body made of a metal platform and a tailgate. The car is equipped with benches, awning and arches of a removable type. There are also additional trellised sides. A three-seater cabin assembled from thick-walled sheet metal, manufactured by stamping, is included in the standard package. Thought-out glazing and rear-view mirrors make it possible to fully monitor the situation on the road and increase visibility.
Structurally, the body is made in the form of short overhangs, which allows to improve throughput. The laden weight of the truck is 8.2 tons. The mass of the transported cargo is up to 67.8 tons with the possibility of towing 11 tons.
TTX "Ural-4320" military with the YaMZ engine
One of the variations of the power plants on the truck in question was the YaMZ motor in various modifications. It is a four-stroke engine with an electric torch launch device. A feature of the power unit is the moment that before the final completion of the work, he should work at idle for a couple of minutes.
The motor fully complies with European standards (Euro-3). The capacity of the fuel tank is about three hundred liters (some models are equipped with additional tanks of 60 liters). Diesel fuel consumption per hundred kilometers is from 30 to 40 liters, depending on the speed and the presence of a tow hitch. The maximum vehicle speed is 85 kilometers per hour.
Other powertrain options
Developing the performance characteristics of the Ural-4320 engine, manufacturers provided for the possibility of installing several types of motors. Among them are the following variations:
- Installation KAMAZ-740.10 - with a capacity of 230 horsepower, a volume of 10.85 liters, has 8 cylinders, operates on diesel fuel;
- YaMZ-226 - runs on diesel fuel, the capacity is 180 horses;
- YaMZ-236 HE2 has a volume of 11.15 liters, a power of 230 horses, turbocharging, four strokes;
- In addition, modifications of the Yaroslavl Motor Plant with indexes 238-M2, 236-BE2, 7601 were mounted. They differ in horsepower (240, 250 and 300, respectively).
In addition, the TTX “Ural-4320” with the YaMZ engine provides for the installation of a hydraulic amplifier, preheating and compliance with the Euro 3 standard.
Technical indicators
The brake assembly includes a main dual-circuit system and a spare unit with one circuit. The auxiliary brake is driven by a pneumatic drive from the exhaust gas exhaust. This mechanical type assembly with the drum placed on the transfer case (RC) is very effective. Parking brake - drum, mounted on the output shaft of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
TTX "Ural-4320" are designed for the wheel formula 6 * 6. High flotation is ensured by single-wheel wheels equipped with automatic pumping of air chambers. The front suspension is dependent, has shock absorbers and half-ellipses springs. The rear node is also of a dependent type with springs and rocket rods. The truck in question has three axles, they are all driving, the front wheels are equipped with a constant velocity joint. The clutch unit has a friction drive, a pneumatic amplifier, a disk with a diaphragm exhaust spring.
Cabin and overall performance
The presented truck is equipped with a two-door cab, it is made entirely of metal and is designed for three people. The driver's seat is adjustable, there is a ventilation system, modernized variations are equipped with a sleeping bag. After 2009, the driver’s working conditions improved significantly. The new cabin has increased comfort, a fiberglass hood and an original design style.
Below are the main overall dimensions that are provided by the Ural-4320 TTX:
- Length / width / height (m) - 7.36 / 2.5 / 2.71, according to the awning, the height is 2.87 meters.
- Net Weight (t) - 8.57.
- The maximum weight of the tow hitch (t) is 7.0.
- Wheel track (m) - 2.0.
- Road clearance (cm) - 40.
- The number of seats on the platform is 24.
It is worth noting that the truck has a solid power reserve, allowing you to overcome hundreds of kilometers without refueling.
Tactical performance
TTX "Ural-4320" military in tactical terms have the following features:
- Overcoming the reservoir ford (depth) - one and a half meters.
- Crossing a marshland is similar.
- Ditches and trenches (depth) - up to 2 meters.
- The maximum lifting height is 60 °.
- The minimum turning radius is 11.4 meters.
- The maximum height above sea level for normal operation is 4 thousand 650 meters.
The structurally powerful truck is designed in such a way as to protect the cab and driver from getting dirt when driving off-road (the power plant is located in front, the hood is raised up, and wide flat wings are installed on the sides).
TTX "Ural-4320" allow to operate it in severe climatic conditions at a maximum humidity of 98 °. The temperature range is from + to –50 degrees. Garage storage of the machine is allowed. The sustained maximum wind force is 20 meters per second, and dust content is 1.5 cubic meters.
Existing Modifications
During the release of the truck in question from the Ural manufacturers, several modifications were developed, the main difference between which is the power plant capacity. The most popular models are:
- "Ural-4320-01" - has an improved cab, platform and gearbox. Year of release - 1986.
- Similar modifications with the YaMZ engine with a capacity of 180 horses, as well as a truck with an increased wheelbase and cross-country performance.
- TTX "Ural-4320-31" differ from their predecessor in the presence of an eight-cylinder power unit (YaMZ) with a capacity of 240 horses and an improved indicator of specific power. The car was released in 1994.
- Model 4320-41 - YaMZ-236NE2 engine (230 hp), year of manufacture - 2002, compliance with Euro 2 standards.
- Option 4320-40 is the version of the previous car, equipped with an extended base.
- Modification 4320-44 - a cabin of improved comfort appeared (city of century - 2009).
- Long-base "Ural-4320-45".
- A variation designed for the installation of special equipment (4320-48).
Conclusion
There are several points that have popularized the truck in question, both in the army and for civilian purposes. First, the Ural-4320 is not afraid of absolutely no off-road, it has high traffic and carrying capacity. Secondly, it is unpretentious in maintenance, operation and repair. In addition, this machine is universal, capable of transporting military, civilian goods, heavy trailers and about 30-35 people.
It is worth noting that manufacturers are constantly working on improving the Urals. The machine for the army is considered an efficient and productive vehicle. In addition to the fact that the truck has great power, armored variations are designed to protect personnel from being hit by charges of small and medium small arms (the third category of protection). In civilian use, the machine is indispensable for northern regions and areas with difficult soils.