At the heart of any upholstered furniture, whether it be a sofa or mattress, is a spring unit. It provides elasticity and softness to the structure. The type of construction is dependent on the performance of the headset or bed.
In modern production, there is both a mattress on a spring block and fillers. So the choice is up to consumers.
Many modern mattresses are based on a spring unit, which in some cases can provide orthopedic support for the body. The current production presents two options:
- spring block "Bonnel";
- The spring block is independent.
Bonnel springs
From the category of economical blocks. In the standard, it has 4 double-cone coil springs. They are installed in one row, and spirals are used for connection in the upper and lower parts.
Such spring blocks for upholstered furniture are called continuous weave blocks. Immediately it is worth noting the moment that in this model there is no orthopedic effect. This is due to the fact that all springs are connected into a single whole, that is, when one element is deformed, all nearby springs are bent.
If a domestic company is engaged in production, then the cost of such a product will vary between 1000-10,000 rubles. People who have any problems with the posture, joints and spine in general, this option is strictly contraindicated. Such a spring unit will not get better, even if an expensive filler is used in combination with it.
Independent springs
This version of mattresses is much better, since although the production of spring blocks in this category is similar to how the Bonnel spring block is made, their diameter is still much smaller. In this embodiment, the maximum size of the circle reaches only 20 mm, while the turns are not more than 8 pieces. Thus, one square meter of such a block has from 250 to 1200 springs. The shape of the elements resembles barrels.
The orthopedic effect is achieved by placing each spiral in a separate case, which ensures their independence from each other. Accordingly, when there is an impact on a separate spring, the neighboring ones are not affected, which makes it possible to more evenly distribute the load on the entire surface.
Pocket Spring in mattresses
The Pocket Spring Spring Unit is an independent spring system. This design is used in all modern mattresses, which allows you to choose beds in which there is no base for the mattress. Only special fastenings in the corners are required, which will fix the product. There is also a frame that provides rigidity and elasticity when exerting loads.
Such mattresses can also be used as a separate couch by equipping them with special
furniture legs. External facing material - jacquard fabric.
The idea of a spring block
An element such as a spring was invented long ago, but the Italian military came up with the idea of combining them into a single system. A similar design was used in Italy when sappers deactivated mines in the fields. After all, a spring block of an independent configuration allows you to evenly distribute the load of the human body over the entire surface, and not on one specific site.
But not everyone agrees with this legend, although there is documentary evidence of those times.
Design features of springs
Depending on the size of the springs, several categories of mattresses are distinguished:
1. If the spring has a diameter of 50-60 mm, then the spring butene block is called TFK, S-500 or EVS500. In this embodiment, each element has its own case. The average density is 220-300 springs per square. meter. Domestic products are 2-3 times cheaper than imported analogues, since the delivery of the latter is quite time-consuming. And all due to the fact that these products cannot be rolled up.
2. Springs of 20-40 mm are called S-1000 and S-2000. The small size allows you to increase the number of springs by one square meter, so it reaches 500-1000 pieces. This design is called anatomical, as it is able to more clearly repeat the silhouette. In addition, such springs allow you to evenly distribute the load on all parts of the surface. In comparison with the previous option, the rigidity will be higher, which allows you to expand the weight category of people.
Double springs
There are universal mattresses that combine springs of small and large diameters. They are called spring in spring. In this embodiment, the narrower element is placed inside the wider one. Moreover, the stiffness of the latter is somewhat less than that of the former.
If an average load is placed on such a bed, only large springs are deformed. As soon as the weight increases, small ones will come into work. This option is great for those with a spouse with a difference in weight of more than 40 kilograms.
Spring Performance
Since mattresses are often custom-made today, manufacturers offer customers to consider the following additional options:
1. Amplification . In this case, the spring unit is designed for those who are overweight. The design can be enhanced by double wire or staggered springs. In the second case, they will be more closely adjacent to each other. In Bonnel mattresses, reinforcement occurs due to inserts from polyurethane foam inside spirals.
2. Zone spring unit. In this design, there are separately allocated zones that have individual rigidity. They are arranged according to human anatomy. Since each part of the body has its own weight, when a person lays on any surface, there is an uneven load on each area. Therefore, in order for the body to be maintained in the correct form, different rigidity is needed.
Zones can be 3, 5 or 7, depending on the model of the mattress. But not all manufacturers have this option.
3. Half blocks. One of the longitudinal halves has stiffer springs, and the second has softer springs. This option is convenient for those couples in which one likes to sleep on hard and the other on soft.
Fillers for mattresses
In most cases, the spirals inside are upholstered. This is done so that the product does not deform strongly when a person is sitting on the edge. Inside the mattress, a box is created where there is an upper and lower soft layer.
Depending on the material used for such purposes, the stiffness property will be determined. For example, coconut is used in more rigid structures, and latex or polyurethane foam is used as a basis for soft ones. Some manufacturers use a combination of these materials, which is extremely convenient, since the product is medium hard.
A bit about sofas
For sofa structures, the same system is used as for mattresses. The only thing that is paid more attention in this case is the filler, since the sofa is still more often intended for sitting, not for lying. But this does not mean that he should be less comfortable.
The best option is when the furniture has both filler and springs. Today, the best duet is polyurethane foam and a spring block for a sofa. The price of these products is somewhat high, but this is all because such furniture has an orthopedic effect. The structure of polyurethane foam has good ability to restore, without weight restrictions. Also, such a filler is well suited for those who suffer from allergies or asthma.
Another quite popular and high-quality filler is latex. Since this is generally top-notch material, the price of such products will be even higher. If you get a quality product, you can not be afraid that during intensive use springs will come out into the light. If the technology was observed during the production process, then between the spirals and the upper casing there are quite a lot of layers of various materials that hold the springs in place.
But nevertheless, in sofas, spring blocks are more often found with dependent spirals.
Types of blocks
Spring blocks can be of the following types:
1. Frameless . This type consists of double cone springs and spirals that connect them. This variety is applicable in those headsets where there is only one or two soft sides, which are formed due to the unity of the flooring of the stable side.
2. Unilateral . In this embodiment, the springs have a metal frame that surrounds the entire working plane. It acts as a frame, over the edges of which soft flooring materials are attached. If the block is assembled manually, then this element also helps to achieve the necessary form stability (block and soft element). This option is applicable in one-sided soft elements.
3. Bilateral . This configuration of blocks differs in the number of frames, that is, there are two of them. Accordingly, their scope is where furniture has two soft sides.
Regardless of the type of unit, they are based on springs made of wire, for which, in turn, carbon steel is taken . With the right technology, every element lends itself to tempering. This is done so that the metal stabilizes in size and hardens, otherwise, during the operation of the product, tubercles will appear on the surface due to the fact that the spring block is strongly deformed.
Production technology
Spring blocks for upholstered furniture or mattresses can be assembled using automated technology or manually. It is immediately worth noting that in the first case, the products are of higher quality than in the second.
The production of hand-assembled spring blocks has the following steps:
1. In order to make biconical springs, first edit the base wire, after which it is wound on special shapes to get the spirals themselves. After that, the nodes are twisted on the main turns, and only then the elements lend themselves to heat treatment.
2. The next step is the creation of fastening spirals, for which, again, the wire is corrected, and then the winding is carried out.
3. In order to make a frame, straighten the rolled tape or wire. After that, they give it the necessary shape and connect all the ends together.
4. After the connecting spiral, the support coils of the springs are fixed to create a frameless block.
5. Connecting brackets are also made. This is called stamping.
6. Further, everything is connected in one design, that is, the frame and springs are combined by means of brackets.
Of course, every step is carefully monitored. But during manual assembly, there is still a human factor, which sometimes negatively affects the quality of the block design.
As for automated production, the workshops have units of the G-65 / SW series. Such machines carry out all the work on their own according to predetermined parameters.
Also, the manufacturing company itself plays an important role. After all, a famous brand will always keep its brand to the maximum, trying to create products of the highest quality. Therefore, it is worth giving preference to well-known manufacturers who have already successfully established themselves in the market.